被动语法知识总结2023-2024学年人教版英语九年级全册

中考语法（被动语态） 1. 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 2. 主动语态：表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态：表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 3. 被动语态的谓语结构：(be+ done) 　　一般现在时：am / is / are + 及物动词的过去分词 You are wanted on the phone. 　　一般过去时：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 China was liberated in 1949. 　　一般将来时：will / shall be + 及物动词的过去分词 The problem will be discussed tomorrow. be going to be done+ 及物动词的过去分词 An evening party is going to be had tomorrow. 现在完成时：have / has been + 及物动词的过去分词 Not a book in the library has been taken away. 现在进行时：am / is / are being + 及物动词的过去分词 My bike is being repaired.　　 过去进行时：was/were+ 及物动词的过去分词 Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday. 含情态动词：情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词 Tina can be taken good care of by Aby. 4.主动语态与被动语态的转换: 主动语态变被动语态解题步骤: 1. 找宾语 ----即动作的承受者 2. 判断宾语的单复数 ----即be动词的单复数. 3. 判断动词的时态 ----即be动词的时态. 4. 修改谓语的时态 ----即原句动词改为过去分词 5. 修改原句的主语 ----即by+ 主语. ※解题技巧：1.找主谓宾 2.利用口诀：宾变主，主变宾（by+宾语，可省略），谓语变be done，时不变，数格随被变。 注意：动词的人称和数要随着新的主语而变，be动词后的过去分词变成原先主动语态句子中的动词的过去分词,同时be动词时态不变。 (1) People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by people) in the south. (2) She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of (by her). 5.被动语态注意点： （1）含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态： 主动语态: 主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接、直接宾语 + 其他 　→被动语态: 间接宾语 + be + 过去分词 + 直接宾语 + 其他(比较常用) 　→或:直接宾语 + be + 过去分词 + 介词(for / to) + 间接宾语 + 其他 如：①He gave me a book. 用to的动词： tell bring write give teach pass lend return show leave send give →I was given a book by him. 或→A book was given to me by him.用for的动词： make cook get buy order do pay sing 　 ②My father bought me a new computer yesterday. → I was bought a new computer yesterday (by my father). 或→ A new computer was bought for me yesterday (by my father). （2）带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态：类似动词： make hear see watch let have notice feel 如：Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home. →Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home. （3） 含有介词的动词短语由主动语态变为被动语态： 　介词短语看成一个整体,不能分开。 如: She looks after her grandmother.→ Her grandmother is looked after