Unit 3 Fit for life Grammar and usage 课件-2023-2024学年牛津译林版（2020）高中英语选择性必修第二册

Grammar and usage Present perfect continuous tense Unit 3 Fit for life 把自己封闭起来P34 withdraw into oneself 能够感知不同程度的压力 be capable of feeling varying degrees of pressure 因……而感激 be grateful for 义肢P35 artificial limbs 反馈感官信息给某物 feed sensory information back into sth 获得关于某物的专利 take out a patent on sth Lead-in If someone lose his hands as a result of car accident, what would he/she do? new robotic hand! • We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action that started in the past and is still continuing now, or an action that has just finished but is still connected with (1)_ (the past/ the present/ the future) in some way. • The verb form of the present perfect continuous tense is “(2)_ ”. the present has/ have been doing Working out the rules Go through the grammar notes on page 99. Working out the rules 一. 现在完成进行时的构成: have /has been doing “一直在做某事” 二.现在完成进行时的作用: 表示动作从过去某个时刻开始一直持续到现在,甚至将来,强调进行的过程。 1. I've been working with her for 20 years. 我与她一起工作有20年了。该句中的固定句型为have been doing sth“一直在做某事”,该句中有个延续的时间for 20 years“20年”,前面的短语have been working“一直在工作”,意为这个动作持续了20年,我和她一起共事了20年之久。 2. He was tired, he has been working all day. 他累了,他整天都在工作。该句的固定句型为has been working“持续工作”。他累了,是因为他整天都一直在工作,是一个动作的持续状态。 3. She has been burning the midnight oil to prepare for GRE. 她最近在熬夜准备GRE考试。该句的固定句型为has been burning the midnight oil “一直在燃油 一直在熬夜”,burn the midnight=stay up"熬夜”,是一个动作的持续状态,表示的是她最近一直在做的事情。 表示从过去到现在时的一段时间被反复进行的动作或存在的状态。 1. All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine. 这些天来他一直在给我们的杂志写文章。该句中的一个时间段是all these days“这些天”,他“他一直在给我们写文章”,表示的是一段时间反复进行的动作。 2. Tom had been phoing Alice every night for several months. 几个月来,汤姆每天晚上都给艾丽斯打电话。该句中的固定搭配为had been phoing“一直在打电话”,属于一段时间内反复进行的动作,强调Tom最近几个月反复给Alice打电话。 3. He has been going to Seattle for a half a year. 他这半年间经常去西雅图。该句中的时间段为for a half a year.近半年来,句子的固定句型为has been going ,表达的是经常反复去某个地方。) 三.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别: 1. I have waterded the flowers. 。 (该句属于现在完成时,表示的动作已经完成。该句中的过去分词have watered“已经浇过花了”,属于动作的完成时,对现在的影响是已经浇过花了,所以现在不浇