Unit 4 Natural Disasters Language Points学案-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Listening and Speaking 听力材料 Language Points 1.damage n. 损失，损害 vt. 破坏；损坏 例句：1）A large number of buildings were seriously damaged in the earthquake. 在地震中，许多建筑都遭到了严重损坏。 2） The accident caused some damage to my car，but it's nothing serious. 这次事故造成了我的汽车部分损坏，但不是很严重。 do/ cause damage to 对某物造成损坏 【知识拓展】 【易混辨析】 damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损坏，使价值受损，可以修复。 ruin 强调 “毁坏”而使事物失去了优良的特性或特征，现在多用于借喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了 。 destroy 表示彻底摧毁，使之无法修复。 harm 指身体或精神上的伤害。 【即学活用】完成句子 1）他们设法修复了被雷击的房子。They managed to repair the houses that______ ______by the lightning. 2）懒惰会使人自毁前程。Laziness will ______one’s future. 3）整个城市在地震中被毁掉了。The whole city______ ______in the earthquake. 4）You mustn’t play with the knife. You might _______ yourself.别玩刀子。你会伤到自己的。 5）What you said _______ me deeply. 你的话深深伤害了我。 2. rescue n. [U] 救援，营救;[C]营教行动 常见搭配> rescue teams/workers/boats救援队/人员/船只 come/go to sb. 's rescue来/去救某人 例句：A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。(2018 .北京) 3. affect vt. 影响 ；(疾病)侵袭;深深打动 effect n.效果;影响 Eg. 1)Your opinion will not affect my decision. 2)Deeply affected by the moving story, the little girl burst into tears. 常见短语：be affected by... 被..感动 have a...effect on...对……有……的影响 have no effect on...对……没有影响 have a side effect on...对……有副作用 练习：单句语法填空 1)The boy ____________(affect) by H1N1 flu last week.  2)With the government’s help, those _____(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new houses.  3)Tourism has a great effect ____________the wildlife in the area.  4)He mentioned the effect that smile has _____ people’s health. 4.shelter n.避难所;居所;庇护　vt. 保护;掩蔽　vi.躲避(风雨或危险) 1)Rescue workers built ____________(shelter) for the survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起避难所。 2)He is trying ____________(shelter) his boy from criticism.他极力为男孩顶住外界的批评。 3)They are looking for a place ___________( shelter) from the rain.他们正在找地方躲雨。 **shelter用作可数名词意为“避难所”,用作不可数名词意为“庇护”。 shelter...from...保护……免受……