Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 过去将来时 [对应学生用书P75] ①Whenever he had time, he would do some reading. ②He said he would work for that boss the next year. ③Even after the lecture ended, the audience would not leave. ④If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Harvard University. ⑤I thought he would accept the invitation.But he refused it. ⑥I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight. ⑦I would play with him when I was a child. ⑧He was going to start to work the next week, so he decided to buy some new clothes and a new pair of shoes. ⑨The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn't work hard. [自我归纳] 1．句①⑦为过去将来时表示过去习惯的动作或状态。 2．句②⑤为过去将来时用于宾语从句中。 3．句③⑨为过去情况中的“愿望”“倾向”，多用于否定句。 4．句④⑥为过去将来时，用于虚拟语气中。 5．句⑧为过去将来时表示在过去某一时间点来看将要发生的事。 一、语法图解 二、语法突破 (一)过去将来时的定义 过去将来时的基本特征，即“立足过去，着眼未来”。它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。但这个“将来”时间绝不会延伸到“现在”，而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。 I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天给他打电话问我下周应该做什么。 (二)过去将来时的基本用法 1．表示从过去某时看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中。 He said he would go to the north for the holiday. 他说他将去北方度假。 2．表示过去的某种习惯性行为(不管什么人称，都用 would)。 Whenever he had time, he would help villagers with their work. 他一有时间就帮村民们干活。 (三)过去将来时的基本结构 1．肯定：主语＋would/should＋动词原形 2．否定：主语＋would/should＋not＋动词原形 3．疑问：Would/Should＋主语＋动词原形 (四)过去将来时的其他用法 1．be(was/were) going to＋动词原形 (1)表示按计划或安排即将发生的事 He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我们他将要参加这次会议。 (2)还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生的事 It seemed as if it was going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。 2．be (was/were) about to＋动词原形 “be(was/were)about to＋动词原形”表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。 She said that the meeting was about to begin. 她说会议就要开始了。 He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃午饭的时候，门铃响起来了。 3．be (was/were) to＋动词原形 “be(was/were)to＋动词原形”表示事先商定、安排或准备安排要做的事情；表示可能性、责任、义务、禁止等。 The building was to be completed next month. 这座大楼预计在下个月竣工。 Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李蕾很快就要到了。 [名师点津]　come、go、arrive、leave、die等瞬时动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来，结构为“was/were＋现在分词”。 He was leaving the next day. 他第二天就要走了。 We were informed that the lead