UNIT 9 Section Ⅱ GRAMMAR (1)-【金版新学案】2023-2024学年新教材高二英语选择性必修3同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版）

Section Ⅱ　GRAMMAR (1) 完成时 教材示例 分析下列句子中的加黑部分，体会并写出它们的语法功能 ①Natural cloning has been going on for generations. ②Gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant... ③For years，there had been attempts to clone animals. ④Cloning primates has been proved to be “much harder”than cloning other species. ⑤Dr. Sun Qiang said they had been wholly devoted to the research... ⑥Dr. Sun Qiang said they had been taking care of more than 1，000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week... 我的发现 1．句①和句②中黑体部分为现在完成进行时，句④为现在完成时的被动语态。 2．句③和句⑤中黑体部分为过去完成时，句⑥为过去完成进行时。 考点1　现在完成时 1．构成：主语＋have/has＋动词-ed形式 2．用法： (1)表示动作发生在过去，现在已完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，常与yet，already，just，before, lately等词连用。 I haven’t finished reading the book yet, so I can't return it to the library. 我还没有把这本书读完，因此不能把它还给图书馆。 (2)表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在。常同 these days, recently, so far, in the last/past...，“for＋时间段”和“ since＋时间点”等连用。 In the past forty years, this country has made great advances in science and technology. 近四十年来，该国在科学技术方面有了很大发展。 He has worked here for over twenty years. 他在这里工作已有20多年了。 (3)现在完成时的常用固定句型： ①在“That/This/It is the first/second/third/... time＋(that)．..”句型中，从句要用现在完成时。 This is the first time that I have watched a play. 这是我第一次看戏剧。 ②在“That/This/It is the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋(that)．..”句型中，从句要用现在完成时。 This is the best film that I’ve ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 ③在“It＋has been＋一段时间＋since从句”句型中，主句常用现在完成时(也可以用一般现在时)。 It is/has been six years since I came here. 我来这儿已经六年了。 学生用书↓第84页 ◎即学即练1——单句语法填空 ①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)My husband, our children and I have had(have) wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. ②(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)This is my first time that I have invited(invite) you to attend our program —Talk and Talk. ③(2022·北京卷)The use of those plastics has increased (increase) by 300% since 2019. 考点2　现在完成进行时 1．构成：主语＋have/has＋been＋动词-ing形式 2．用法： (1)表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻，还在继续进行或可能进行下去，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. 这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。 (2)表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时刻刚结束。 I’ve j