专题09 动词的被动语态 - 【中职专用】中职高考英语语法专题复习（通用） 

专题09 被动语态 【学习目标】 1、通过理论依据，能理解被动语态的构成； 2、通过背诵该语法，能正确分析被动语态在语境中的应用； 3、通过大量训练，能在篇章填空和写作中正确应用。 【探究活动】动词的语态 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. （主动） A new bridge will be built over the river. （被动） 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+ 及物动词的过去分词构成。 被动语态的构成及用法 一、通过例句总结被动语态的构成形式 1. Rice is grown in the south of the states. 2. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 3. The task was finished on time. 4. All the books were sent to the remote regions. 5. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. 6. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. 7. I have been told the sports meet might be put off. 8. The price has been brought down. 9. When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 10. The rooms are being painted. 11. Trees were being planted here this time last year. 12. A great many letters can be written with the computer by him. 总结：被动语态最基本的句型结构是: _________________________________ 一般现在时：_________________________________ 一般过去时: _________________________________ 一般将来时: _________________________________ 过去将来时: _________________________________ 现在完成时: _________________________________ 过去完成时: _________________________________ 现在进行时:_________________________________ 过去进行时: _________________________________ 含有情态动词的被动语态: _________________________________ 二、被动语态的常见考点 1.被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词 因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。如：The children were taken good care of by her. 【注意】短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等无被动语态。 如：1) A car accident happened in the street yesterday. 2) Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years. 2.主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况 若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加“to”。如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch等。 如: