内容正文:
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language ► 对应学生用书P74
高效导学第一步——基础清障·要点突破
Task 1 填写下列空白并记牢
1.dessert n.(饭后) 甜点
2.canteen n.食堂;餐厅
3.cafeteria n.自助餐厅;自助食堂
Task 2 语言点突破
句型公式:before的用法
(教材原句)Some traditional Chinese dishes from before the Ming Dynasty are still popular today.
一些明朝以前的中国传统菜肴至今仍很受欢迎。
(1)句中before为介词,表示“在……以前”;before还可用作连词,引导一个时间状语从句,表示“在……之前”。除此之外,还可以表示“……之后才;不久就;不等……就;以免”。
(2)句型归纳:
①It won’t be...before...用不了多久就会……(before从句用一般现在时)
②It will be...before...得过多久才……(before从句用一般现在时)
③It wasn’t...before...没过多久就……(before从句用一般过去时)
④It was...before...过了多久才……(before从句用一般过去时)
[佳句诵读]①If you miss the chance,it will be years before you get another one.(如果你错过这个机会,你可能要过很多年才能得到下一次机会。) [建议信]
②Before you go to a Chinese friend’s home,I must inform you of some relevant details.(你去中国朋友家之前,我必须告知你一些相关的细节。)[告知信]
[即学即练]完成句子
①我们上下节课前,你最好读这本参考书以了解唐诗的历史。
Before we begin our next lesson,you’d better read the reference book to learn about the history of Tang poetry.
②许多年之后,事情的全貌才公之于众。
It was many years before the full story was made public.
高效导学第二步——语法精讲·专项突破
Grammar—过去完成时及其被动语态
过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或是结果,用来指在另一个过去行动之前就已经完成了的事件。
一、基本构成
句式
主动语态
被动语态
肯定形式
had done
had been done
否定形式
had not done
had not been done
一般疑问句
had+主语+done
had+主语+been done
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+had+主语+done
特殊疑问词+had+主语+been done
1.主动语态
①He had handled the problem by 9:00 this morning.(肯定形式)
②He had not handled the problem by 9: 00 this morning.(否定形式)
③Had he handled the problem by 9:00 this morning?(一般疑问句)
④How had he handled the problem by 9:00 this morning?(特殊疑问句)
2.被动语态
①The bedroom had been cleaned before her mother came.(肯定形式)
②The bedroom had not been cleaned before her mother came.(否定形式)
③Had the bedroom been cleaned before her mother came?(一般疑问句)
④When had the bedroom been cleaned?(特殊疑问句)
二、过去完成时主动语态的基本用法
1.表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前已完成的动作或存在的状态,即“过去的过去”。可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可以通过上下文来表示。
By nine o’clock last night,we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.