独立主格结构中非谓语动词的运用 导学案-2024届高考英语二轮复习

独立主格结构中非谓语动词的运用导学案 §学习目标： 1. 能够正确使用独立主格结构中的非谓语动词。 2. 运用独立主格造句，给作文添彩增分。 §学习重难点：三种非谓语动词的区别 一，独立主格结构定义 非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句中作状语，被称为独立主格结构。 二，独立主格结构的特性 1.独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系； 2.独立主格结构与主句没有句法上的联系，独立存在； 3.独立主格结构作状语等，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随等； 4.独立主格结构的位置较为灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中； 5.独立主格结构与主句之间常由逗号分开。 三、独立主格结构的基本形式 1. 名词/代词+动词不定式。（主动；将来） 名词/代词与动词不定式如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则用主动形式；如果是动宾关系，用被动形式。如果动作发出者为句子主语则用主动形式表示被动意义，动词不定式表示将来的动作。 e.g He suggested going for a picnic,Mary to provide the food. So many people to help him,he is sure to succeed. He is leaving for the conference , all the expense to be paied by the company 2.名词/代词+现在分词。（主动；进行） 名词/代词与现在分词为逻辑上的主动关系。现在分词基本表示正在发生的动作， e.g The injured lay on the ground, his hands trembling. Weather permitting, we shall play the match tomorrow. We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest. 但有时现在分词不表示进行，而表示一般情况的状态或动作 Their room was on the third floor, its window overlooking the sports ground. 3.名词/代词+过去分词。（被动；完成） 名词/代词与过去分词为逻辑被动关系。过去分词表示已经发生的动作。 e.g The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. The job finished, we went home. 当堂检测 (一）填空 1.So many children (look)after, the mother has to quit her job. 2. A new technique ______(work) out , the production increased by 20 percent. 3. There are various kinds of metals, each ______(have) its own properties (特性). 4. Time _______ (permit), I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.    5Goodbye _______(say), we all went home happily.    6. She stood there, tears _______ (roll) down from her cheeks.    7. With winter _________ (approach)，the trees turn yellow and some birds fly south. 8. Tom’s throat tightened, tears _______(well) up in his eyes. 9.Many things (settle) ,the manager looks worried 10.Many things (settle) ,the manager looks relaxed. （二）学会察言观色 1.脸 ●light up /brighten ●pale ●redden/ burn/gl