UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS-【正禾一本通】2023-2024学年新教材高一英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（人教版）

晨读预习 单元词汇 1．disaster n.灾难；灾害 ①an air disaster 空难 ②a natural disaster自然灾害 2．slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动 ①slide on the ice happily 快乐地在冰上滑行 ②slide into 滑入；衰落(成)；逐渐陷入；逐渐衰退(到) ③slide out 滑出 3．flood n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没 ①flood damage 洪涝灾害 ②a flood of complaints大量投诉 4．rescue n.& vt.营救，救援 ①come to one’s rescue 援救某人 ②rescue team 救援队 ③rescue...from...把……从……营救出来 5.damage n.损失；损坏vt.损害；破坏 ①cause/do damage to 对……造成损害 ②damage one’s health 损害某人的健康 6.destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭 ①be completely destroyed by fire被大火彻底焚毁 ②destroy the forests破坏森林 7．death n.死；死亡 ①the anniversary of his wife’s death 他妻子的忌日 ②starve to death饿死 8．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affection n．喜爱 ①be affected by 受……影响；被……打动 ②be affected with 感染……疾病 9.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险) ①take shelter from the storm躲避暴风雨 ②shelter the homeless庇护无家可归者 10．ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏 ①lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 ②ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ③ruin one’s health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/声誉 11．shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的→shocking adj.令人震惊的 ①be a great shock to sb 对某人来说是极大的震惊 ②in shock 震惊；吃惊 ③be shocked at 对……吃惊 12．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱；夹；捕捉器 ①be trapped in the mountain被困在山上 ②a fox with its leg in a trap 被夹子夹住腿的狐狸 13．bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；使沉浸；使专心 ①be buried in＝bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 ②bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面 14．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸 ①breathe deeply深呼吸 ②out of breath 上气不接下气；喘不过气来 15．effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 ①make every effort to work as a qualified volunteer ＝spare no effort to work as a qualified volunteer 尽一切努力做一名合格的志愿者 ②with effort 费力地 16.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferer n．患病者；受苦者；受难者→suffering n．苦难；痛苦 ①suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏/损失 ②suffer from a headache 患头痛 17．supply n.供应(量)，补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给 ①be in short supply 供应短缺 ②medical supplies 医疗用品 ③supply plenty of food to the local people＝supply the local people with plenty of food 给当地人民提供大量的食物 18．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivor n．幸存者；生还者→survival n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物 ①survive on the salary靠薪水生存 ②survive sb by ten years比某人多活十年 19．po