第二章 第8讲 非谓语动词-2024年高考英语复习专题辅导与训练

08 非谓语动词 [考点一] 非谓语动词作状语 1.分词作状语 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语；一般在句中作时间、原因、方式、条件、伴随等状语。 (1)现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的，它们之间是主动关系。 Hearing the news,they got excited.听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。 (2)过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的被动关系。 Given the right kind of training,these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars. 如果给予正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员有一天也许会成为国际明星。 2.动词不定式作状语 (1)动词不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，有时也可以表示结果、原因等。 She was surprised to see George walk in. 看到乔治进来，她很惊讶。 (2)动词不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do,so as to do,to do等，但so as to do不能置于句首。 In order to pass the exam,he worked hard.为了通过考试，他努力学习。 (3)作目的状语的动词不定式动作必须是主语发出的。 To learn English well,his father bought him a dictionary.(×) 对点演练 单句语法填空 1.(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ卷，59)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside.He pushed a chair onto the balcony,and climbed up____________ (see)them. 2.(2022·新高考I卷，56)____________(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 3.(2021·全国甲卷，44)After____________(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action... 4.(北京卷)Nervously____________(face)challenges,I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words“Be yourself”. 5.(江苏卷，30改编)____________(enjoy)the convenience of digital payment,many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 6.(江苏卷，34改编)A city is the product of the human hand and mind,____________(reflect)man's intelligence and creativity. 7.Emperor Qin Shihuang simplified Chinese characters and regular rules were set,____________(make)it easier for people to learn and master. [考点二] 非谓语动词作定语 1.动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语，通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。 She is always the first to come and the last to leave.(主谓关系) 她总是第一个到，最后一个离开。 Have you got a letter to write?(动宾关系)你有一封信要写吗? Do you have the ability to read and write in English?(同位关系) 你有用英语读写的能力吗? 2.分词作定语 (1)作定语的及物动词的分词形式为doing,being done和done。当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时，用doing;当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且