UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Using language-【高考领航】2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步核心辅导与测评（外研版）

Section Ⅱ　Using language 动词-ing形式作主语 观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的语法功能 1．Knowing where the ball would go wasn't easy. 2．In this way, practising day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills. 3．Playing basketball was his dream. 【语法感悟】 动词-ing形式作主语通常表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词通常用单数。在句1，2，3中都是动词-ing形式作主语。 一、动词-ing形式作主语时的意义 动词-ing形式作主语时，常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作或状态，其被动形式为being done。 ◆Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 了解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜好和情感一样重要。 ◆Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. 不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多(赞扬)一样有害。 ◆Being praised by his teachers made him regain the confidence. 被老师们表扬使他重获自信。 二、动词-ing形式作主语时的位置 动词-ing形式作主语时，可位于句首和句末。动词-ing形式位于句末时要用it作形式主语。动词-ing形式作主语且用it作形式主语的常见句型： ◆It is no use regretting for the past. 悔恨过去是没用的。 ◆It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter. 同他争辩这件事真是浪费时间。 三、动词-ing形式作主语时的逻辑主语 动词-ing形式作主语时，如果要突出动作的执行者，要在其前面加上动作的逻辑主语，这个逻辑主语通常为名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。 ◆Tom's/his being late for class made his teacher very angry. 汤姆/他上课迟到使他老师很生气。 ◆Tom's being outspoken won the respect of his fellow workers. 汤姆的坦诚赢得了同事们的尊敬。 四、动词-ing形式作主语时的谓语动词的数 动词-ing形式作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式；但两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ◆To many parents, raising children means providing them with food and clothes.They are wrong as mental care is also very important for kids. 对许多父母来说，养育孩子意味着为他们提供衣食。他们错了，因为心理关怀对孩子也很重要。 ◆Eating and dressing is still a big question in some African countries. 衣食在一些非洲国家仍旧是一个大问题。 ◆Walking, running and cycling are all healthy forms of exercise. 散步、跑步和骑自行车都是有益健康的锻炼形式。 [温馨提示] 动词不定式与动词-ing形式作主语的区别：动词不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作；动词-ing 形式作主语往往表示一般的或抽象的多次性动作。 ◆To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火将很危险。(指某一具体动作) ◆Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危险的。(泛指玩火) [即时演练]　用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1)Learning(learn) to think critically is an important skill that today's children will need for the future. (2)Building up a dream team is (be) more complex than simply hiring the best talent. (3)It is no good arg