内容正文:
第二讲 非谓语动词
单句语法填空
1.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching (ache) legs.
2.(2021·全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of visiting (visit) the place.
3.(2021·全国乙卷)Accommodations aim to_have (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
4.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Covering (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
5.(2022·全国乙卷)To_strengthen (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting (invite) twentynine tea professionals from around the world.
授课提示:对应学生用书第284页
(一) 基本形式为“to+动词原形”,否定形式为“not to+动词原形”,时态和语态变化(以build为例)如下:
语态
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般式
to build
to be built
进行式
to be building
完成式
to have built
to have been built
(二)动词不定式的基本用法
1.作主语:动词不定式作主语一般表示具体的某次动作。常用it作形式主语, 而动词不定式作真正的主语。此外,单个动词不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
It’s important for the figures to be updated regularly.
定期更新数据是重要的。
[特别提醒] 在“It is/was+adj.+for/of sb.to do sth.”句型中,若形容词侧重于评价人物的特征,如kind、nice、foolish等,介词用of;若形容词侧重于描写动词不定式动作的特征、特点,则介词用for。
It is generous of him to contribute so much.
他捐献了这么多真是太慷慨了。
It is important for us to live a lowcarbon life.
过一种低碳生活对我们来说很重要。
2.作表语:动词不定式作表语常表示将来的具体的动作或状态。
My dream is to enter Peking University.
我的梦想是考入北京大学。
3.作宾语
(1)常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词:decide/determine、learn、want、expect/hope/wish、refuse、manage、care、pretend、offer、promise、choose、plan、agree、ask/beg、afford、happen、wait、threaten等。
She seated herself at a small table in the restaurant,waiting to be served.
她坐在餐馆里的一张小桌子旁等着被服务。
(2)动词tell、show、understand、know、explain、teach、learn、advise等常接“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。
Please tell me when to start the project.
请告诉我何时开始这个项目。
(3)在某些动词如find、think、consider、feel、make、believe后,常用it作形式宾语,然后加宾语补足语,最后加动词不定式作真正的宾语。
We think it our duty to protect the environment.
我们认为保护环境是我们