小学英语四大时态定义及例句讲解（知识清单）人教PEP版英语六年级下册

小学英语四种时态 详细讲解及例句 一、一般现在时：主要描述经常会发生的动作、状态或不变的真理。 句末常出现every day/week/year/Monday,in the morning...句中常有always, usually,often, sometimes...等频度副词。 结构： 1.主语+be（am/are/is）+名词（形容词） I am a student. He is tall. 否定句：在be后加not I am not a student. He is not tall. 疑问句结构：be动词提前到第一位。 Are you a student? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Is he tall? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t. 2.主语+动词+其他（地点、时间...) We go to school by bike. He goes to the park on Sunday. 否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词+其他（地点、时间...) We don’t go to school by bike. He doesn’t go to the park on Sunday. 疑问句：在句首加Do或Does. Do you go the school by bike? Yes, we do. / No, we don’t. Does he go to the park on Sunday? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 动词变第三人称单数变化规则： （1）大部分的动词,构成第三人称单数时,直接加-s 如work-works like-likes （2）当动词词尾是-s,x,ch,sh时,构成第三人称单数时,加-es 如box-boxes wash-washes （3）动词词尾是-o的话,需要在词尾加-es构成第三人称单数 如do-does （4）当动词词尾为辅音字母+y时,构成第三人称单数时,要先将y改成i,再加-es 如study-studies （5）特殊情况,have的第三人称单数为has 二、现在进行时：主要叙述正在发生的事情，句末常出现now,句首常有look, listen等 结构： 主语+be+动词ing I am reading English. They are swimming. He is playing football. 否定句： 在be 后加not I am not reading English. They are not swimming. He is not playing football. 疑问句： 把be提前到句首 Are you reading English? Yes, I am./No, I am not. Are they swimming? Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. Is he playing football? Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t. 动词变ing形式规则 （1） 一般情况加ing: study-studying speak-speaking （2）以不发音的e结尾，去e再加ing：make-making come-coming （3）重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing： cut-cutting run-running swim-swimming stop-stopping （4）以ie结尾，把ie改为y，再加ing: die-dying lie-lying 但表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词，如：see,hear,love,know,want,hope,think等没有进行时态。 三、一般将来时： 主要描述将来要发生的事情。句末常出现next Monday/week/year,tomorrow... （1）结构：主语+be going to+动原 I am going to visit Mike. They are going to sing. She is going to buy a book. 否定句：在be 动词后加not I am not going to visit Mike. They are not going to sing. She is not going to buy a book.