Unit 3 Celebrations Section 4 Focus on Language：The Passive（Word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修第一册（北师大版2019）

7 / 165 Section 4　 Focus on Language：The Passive 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 　 The Mid­Autumn Festival is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month.① On that night, it can be seen that the moon is brighter and fuller than any other night.② The Mid­Autumn Festival is celebrated by eating mooncakes.③The mooncakes are delicious.It is liked by all the children.④ At night, a big party is usually held by the families.⑤ They like chatting with each other.Many things are talked about.⑥A lot of nice things will be provided, too.⑦ After dinner, they watch the moon, as in China a full moon is considered as a symbol of family reunion.⑧ The story of Chang'e will be told.⑨She was made to fly to the moon and live in the Moon Palace.⑩ What a beautiful story！,句①③④⑤⑥⑧中黑体部分是一般现在时的被动语态，构成形式是is/are ＋ done； 句②中黑体部分是含有情态动词的被动语态，构成形式是can＋be done； 句⑦⑨中黑体部分是一般将来时的被动语态，构成形式是will＋be done； 句⑩中黑体部分是一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式是was＋done。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观　 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词 be 本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。 语境自主感知 ①(教材典句)Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family. ②(教材典句)First, the house was cleaned from top to bottom. ③(教材典句)Most of the important Spring Festival traditions are still being practised by people across the country. ④(教材典句)Fireworks were being let off across the city, suddenly lighting up the night sky. ⑤(教材典句)Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival — the spirit of family — has largely been kept. ⑥(教材典句)I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival, as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible. [会发现] 句①中使用了一般现在时的被动语态；句②中使用了一般过去时的被动语态；句③中使用了现在进行时的被动语态；句④中使用了过去进行时的被动语态；句⑤中使用了现在完成时的被动语态；句⑥中使用了含情态动词的被动语态。 语法规则点拨 一、被动语态的基本形式　 时态 被动语态构成形式 一般现在时 am/is/are＋done 一般过去时 was/were＋done 一般将来时 be going to/will/shall＋be done 现在进行时 am/is/are＋being done 过去进行时 was/were