UNIT 5 Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures（word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语必修2（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Discovering Useful Structures 　　　(语法项目——过去分词作表语和状语) 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 Observed on January 1 lunar month① , Chinese Lunar New Year's Day, also called the Spring Festival②， is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world. At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals cooked by themselves③and chat with family members while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday. Besides, people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming new year. It is also a children's festival.They become very excited④ because they can get lucky money in red paper. ①为过去分词短语作状语； ②③为过去分词短语作后置定语； ④为过去分词作表语。 慧学语法——运用“形式—意义—使用”三维动态语法观　 过去分词一般表示完成的或被动的动作。过去分词在句子中不能单独构成谓语，除了可以用作定语(the attribute)、宾语补足语(the object complement)以外，还可以用作表语(the predicative)和状语(the adverbial)。 一、过去分词作表语　 [先感知] ①He looked worried after reading the letter. ②When we heard of it, we were deeply moved. [会发现] 句中的worried和moved都是过去分词作表语。 [明规则] 1．过去分词作表语主要表示主语的心理或所处的状态。 2．有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, amused, astonished, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled等。 Obviously, I'd be disappointed if we don't make it, but it wouldn't be the end of the world. 显然，如果我们不能成功，我会很失望，但那不会是世界末日。 [名师点津]　过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后常不跟by短语。被动语态的过去分词形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by＋动作的执行者”。 My grandfather was delighted to hear I have passed my exams.(过去分词作表语) 我祖父听到我通过考试后感到很高兴。 The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors.(被动语态) 新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。 3．感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别 英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来修饰人、人的声音或表情等。 常用的这类词有： 　 [对点练]　(单句语法填空) ①(2021·全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated (educate) about the areas ... ②I was disappointed (disappoint) at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better. ③He looked puzzl