UNIT 3 Grammar and usage—语法·提升语言能力（word教参）-【新课程学案】新教材2023-2024学年高中英语选择性必修2 （译林版）

Grammar and usage—语法·提升语言能力 课时目标 1.通过语篇学习，观察现在完成进行时的基本构成，并自主探究、归纳现在完成进行时的一般规则。 2.通过句子、语篇两个层面的练习巩固所学内容，深化理解现在完成进行时的含义和用法。 3.运用本课时语法，以角色扮演的方式进行对话采访，使语法知识的运用和话题相结合，实现“形式—意义—使用”三者的统一。 语法项目——现在完成进行时 初识语法——在美文运用中体悟　 I have been hearing① a strange sound for a while.It's a deep, loud roar, like a lion's.But there aren't any lions here ...Or are there? Soon I see what has been making② the noise: a howler monkey.Now I feel less worried.Realising that something is moving③ on my shoulder, I turn my head to look at it.Oh no! It's a giant spider! I brush it off and it runs under some leaves.I try to bat away the huge insects, which have been flying④ around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.I pull off the headset and I'm back in my living room.Thank goodness! I have been given⑤ the latest virtual reality headset and, for the last twenty minutes, I have been using⑥ it to explore the Amazon.This is an amazing experience and a reminder of how many species there are in the rain forest.We must do all we can to protect it., 句③为现在进行时，表示动作现在正在进行；句⑤为现在完成时的被动语态，现在完成时一般表示动作已经完成；句①②④⑥是现在完成进行时，表示动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还将继续下去。 慧学语法——在归纳演绎中学通　 一、现在完成进行时的概念和结构　 1．概念：表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在，并且有可能持续下去。 2．结构：has/have been doing 二、现在完成进行时的用法　 [先感知] ①(教材典句)Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. ②—Where have you been? —I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours. ③They have been discussing the matter several times this year. ④He has always been studying hard. [会发现] (1)第①句中表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在并有可能延续下去。 (2)第②句中表示动作刚刚结束。 (3)第③句中表示动作的重复。 (4)第④句中表示某种感情色彩。 [明规则] 1．表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到说话时还在进行，或可能还要继续下去的动作。通常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点(或从句)”的时间状语连用。 I've been waiting for an hour but she still hasn't come. 我已经等了一个小时，但她还没有来。 She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 自从八岁以来她一直在打网球。 2．现在完成进行时在上下文语境充分时也可不用时间状语。这种现在完成进行时多指“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作，一般不再继续，并往往含有一种直接的结果。 You've been working to