语法专题 专题三 第三讲 介词和介词短语-【导与练】2024高考英语一轮复习高中总复习第1轮教师用书word（旧教材，人教版）

第三讲　介词和介词短语 考点一　常用介词 1.表示时间的介词 介词 用法 短语/例句 at at表示在某个时间点、时刻等 at midnight、at dawn/daybreak、at sunrise/sunset、 at dusk on on表示在具体的日子或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上 on October 1st、on a rainy day、on National Day、on Christmas Eve、on the afternoon of his arrival in in表示在某段较长的时间内(如:世纪、朝代、年代、月份)或泛指上午、下午和晚上等 in the 1980’s/1980s、in the Han Dynasty、 in October、in the morning/afternoon/evening after 和in “after+一段时间”作时间状语,相当于“一段时间+later”,句子用过去时态;“in+一段时间”作时间状语,指离说话时多长时间以后,句子用将来时态 He returned home after a week/a week later. They will come to visit us in a week. for和since “for+时间段”意为“多长时间”,表示动作持续的时间长短,一般作完成时态或过去时态句子的时间状语;“since+时间点”意为“自从……”,作完成时态句子的时间状语 He has lived in the small village for five years. I studied in Sichuan University for four years. I haven’t heard from him since three years ago. He has been waiting here since 2 o’clock. [特别提示] ①当时间名词前有this、that、last、next、every、each等词修饰时,通常不用任何介词。 ②“on/upon+名词或动名词”结构可以表示“一……就……”。 2.表示方位的at、in、on、to 介词 用法 例句 at 后常接相对较小的地方 Mr.Smith met his wife at the shop in 1941. in 后常接相对较大的地方或在某一个大的范围之内 The athletes from all over the world arrived in Beijing yesterday. on 常表示相邻并接壤的两个地域 Russia,which lies on the north of China,is a beautiful country. to 常表示在某个范围外的不接壤的位置 As is known to all,Japan is to the east of China. 3.表示方位的across、through、over、past 介词 用法 例句 across 表示“从……的表面穿过” He walked across the square to meet us. through 表示“从……的内部穿过” The guide led us through the forest. over 表示“从……的上面跨过” The thief jumped over the fence and fled away. past 表示“从……的旁边经过” She walked past the shop. 4.表示范围的between、among 介词 用法 例句 between 一般用于两者之间 I’m usually free between Tuesday and Thursday. among 一般用于三者或三者以上的“在……中间” I found it among a pile of old books. [特别提示] ①between有时可用于事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系。 the difference between the three of them 他们三者之间的区别 the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系 ②among可用来引出最高级的比较范围。 The book is the best among the modern novels. 这本书在现代小说中是最好的。 [对点演练] 1.语法填空高频考点 ①It was built originally to protect t