内容正文:
专题04 数词(讲义)-【中职专用】中职
高考英语一轮复习讲练测(河北适用)
定义:表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
一、基数词
(一)基数词的构成
1. 1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty
2. 21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three,
34→thirty-four,
45→forty—five,
56→fifty-six,
67→sixty-seven,
78→seventy-eight,
89→eighty-nine,
91→ninety-one
3. 1—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,
803→eight hundred and three
4. l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个逗号“,”隔开,第一个逗号“,”表示“千”读thousand.第二个逗号“,”表示“百万”读million,第三个逗号“,”表示“十亿”读billion
1,001→one thousand and one
9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five
18,423→eighteen thousand, four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion
基数词顺口溜
一至十二形各异,一个一个单独记。后加-teen为“十几”,thirteen .fifteen看仔细,eighteen只有一个t。
后加-ty为“几十”,“二三四五八”是特例(twenty,thirty, forty, ffty,eighty);表示数字“几十几”,连字符号要切记。
要表“几百几”,and常把百、十系。
5.注意:
基数词hundred,thousand,million,billion以及表示数量的dozen(打,12个),score(20)等的单复数形式
(1)当这些词前面有具体数字时,必须用单数,也不接介词of, score/dozen之后有时可接of,但惯用法常省略of。
several hundred years ago几百年前
two thousand students两千个学生
two dozen eggs 两打(24个)鸡蛋
three score(of) eggs 六十个鸡蛋
(2)当这些词表示不确定的泛指数时,则不仅要加复数词尾-s,而且要接介词of,再接名词。
hundreds of 数以百计的
hundreds of millions of people 亿万人民
thousands of数千的
thousands of letters好几千封信
millions of成百万的
millions of years ago数百万年前
dozens of times 几十次
(3)当这些词与a few,several,many等数目不很具体的词连用时,用不用复数形式均可,但是注意:不用复数形式,其后的介词of可以省略;用复数形式,其后介词of不能省略。
several dozen (of) pencils / several dozens of pencils几打铅笔。
(4)当这些词后面的名词有了the,these,those等特指限定词修饰时或其后接us,them这样的人称代词时,则这些词用单数,后接of。
two hundred of the workers 这些工人中的200人
three dozen of these eggs这些鸡蛋中的3打
four dozen of them它们中的4打
(二)基数词的功能
1.作主语
Four Of them come from Paris.
2.作宾语
一 How many books would you like?
一I would like two.
3.作表语
Seven minus two is five.
4.作定语
There are three people in my family?
5.作