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►专题16 状语从句用法梳理
考点精讲
考点归纳
状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语,可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时,从句后面常用逗号;放在句末时,从句前面往往不用逗号。状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件、比较等九种。
状语从句
连词
01时间
when, whenever, as, since, till, until, before, after, as soon as, once, the moment, immediately, the day, no sooner … than, hardly(scarcely)… when, the minute, the second, every(each) time
02地点
Where, wherever, everywhere
03条件
if, unless, providing/provided that, as(so) long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, only if, if only
04原因
because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that, in view of the fact that(鉴于)
05让步
though, although, even if(though), as, while, whatever, wherever, whoever, however, no matter +wh词,for all that, granting/granted, whether … or, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that
06比较
as…as, not the same as, not so…as, than
07方式
as, as if(though) the way
08目的
that, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest
09结果
so that, so… that, such … that, but that
考点01 时间状语从句
1、while, when, whenever和as的用法比较
(1)while
常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。它不能表示一时性或短暂的动作。
Don't talk so loud while( as) others are working.别人工作时,请勿大声说话。
(2)when
引导的时间状语从句,可指时间的一点,也可以指一段时间,从句的谓语动词可用终止性动词,也可用持续性动词。when引导的从句表示的具体的时间,从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时,也可以先于主句的动作。Whenever指任何一个不具体的时间。
It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达时,天正下着雨。(动作同时,指时间点)
When you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.当你再读一遍这首诗,你就更清晰它的含意。(动作有先后,指时间点,不能用while)
Come whenever you like. 你爱什么时候来就什么时候来。
(3)as
用as时主句和从句的动作往往同时发生,具有延伸意义,一般同延续性动词连用,有时可译作“一边…一边…”。
As time went on, his theory proved to be correct.随着时间的推移,他的理论被证明是正确的。
As(when)he finished the speech, the audience burst into applause.他讲话结束的时候,听众掌声雷动。(指一点时间不能用while)
2、名词词组引导时间状语从句
有时名词every time(每次),the next time(下一次),the next day(第二天),the moment(一……就……), the instant, the second, the year等,也可起从属连词的作用,引导时间状语从句。
Every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the fl