Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 过去分词作表语和状语 [对应学生用书P121] [观察] 1．Moved by this music，he said，“It was like seeing color for the first time.” 2．Inspired，he asked his fans to make videos，which he then joined together into one performance. 3．They were pleased with his music and songs and finally invited him to perform in the Silver Hall. 4．Henry was highly interested in music and began to write original compositions when he was in high school. [探究] 1．例句1、2中过去分词作(原因)状语，表示被动和完成的意义。 2．例句3、4中过去分词作表语，相当于一个形容词，表示主语的状态或特征。 1．过去分词作表语，与被动语态有何区别？ 过去分词作表语，强调主语的特征或状态，相当于形容词；被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟by。 2．过去分词作状语时，与句子的逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系？ 被动关系。 一、过去分词作表语 (一)过去分词作表语时的意义 [感知] 1．She looked disappointed when she heard the bad news. 听到这个坏消息，她看上去很失望。 2．We were encouraged after winning the football match. 在赢得这场足球比赛后，我们受到了鼓舞。 [探究] 句1和2中过去分词分别用在系动词look和be后，表示主语的状态或特征。 [归纳] 过去分词位于系动词(如be、get、become、look、feel、seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或特征，它所体现的是形容词的特性。 (二)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 [感知] 1．The cup is broken. 杯子破了。 2．The cup was broken by Tom. 杯子是被汤姆打破的。 [探究] 句1中，broken为过去分词作表语；句2中broken为动词的被动语态的用法。 [归纳] 过去分词作表语时，强调主语的特征或所处的状态；而被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 [即练] 单句填空 ①He was excited(excite) at the good news. ②The story was so moving that he was moved(move) to tears. ③He looked interested(interest) in the idea I put forward. ④The people who saw the painting were astonished(astonish). 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词在句中作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等情况，它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，过去分词所表示的动作与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。 [感知] 1．Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more fascinating. ＝When it is seen from the top of the hill，the park looks more fascinating. 从山顶往下看，这座公园看起来更迷人。 2．Satisfied with what he did，the teacher praised him in class. ＝Because the teacher was satisfied with what he did，the teacher praised him in class. 由于对他所做的事情很满意，老师在班上表扬了他。 3．United，we stand; divided，we fall. ＝If we are united, we stand; if we are divided，we fall. 团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。 4．Rejected many times，the man did not lose heart. ＝Although he had been rejected many times，the man did