Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语 [对应学生用书P95] [观察] 1．Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”． 2．They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence. 3．They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system. 4．Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged. 5．When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left. [探究] 1．句1、句2和句5中的加黑词汇在句中作定语。过去分词在句1中作前置定语，在句2和句5中作后置定语。 2．句3和句4中的加黑词汇在句中作宾语补足语。 1．思考过去分词作定语时所表示的意义。 过去分词一般表示完成的或被动的动作。 2．思考过去分词作定语时在句中的位置。 单个分词作名词的定语时，其位置在名词前；分词以短语形式出现时，其位置在名词后。 一、过去分词作定语 (一)意义 [感知] 1．a polluted river一条被污染的河流 2．the watered flowers浇过水的花 3．fallen leaves落叶 4．the risen sun升起的太阳 [探究] 句 过去分词表示的意义 1、2 被动、完成的动作 3、4 完成的动作 [归纳] 过去分词一般表示完成的或被动的动作。 (二)位置 [感知] 1．The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning. 早上升起的太阳灿烂地照耀着。 2．The student dressed in white is my daughter. ＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的那个学生是我的女儿。 [探究] 句 过去分词作定语的位置 1 单个过去分词(risen)在被修饰词(sun)前面 2 过去分词短语(dressed in white)在被修饰词(student)后面 [归纳] 单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别： ①语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。 The question discussed was very important. 讨论过的那个问题很重要。 The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016. 矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。 ②时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。 [即练] 单句填空 ①Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time spent(spend) with his students. ②Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially designed(design) to help them succeed academically and personally. ③The witnesses questioned(question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. ④In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work. ⑤An important step for developing c