Unit 4 Natural Disasters Language Points1知识点讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

B1U4 Language Points 1 Period 1 Listening and Speaking 1. rescue n./vt. 营救；救援 to save sb from a dangerous or harmful situation What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? 救援人员和士兵正在洪灾区做什么？ A big fire broke out at midnight, and a child trapped in the house was waiting for rescue.The rescue team came/went to his/her rescue, rescuing the child from the burning house. Thanks to the rescuers (n.), the child was finally rescued. 半夜突起大火，被困在房子里的小孩在等着救援。救援队过来救援，把这个小孩从着火的房子里救了出来，幸亏这些救援人员，小孩最终得救了。(来/去救援某人)（把...从...救出来） 词义关联：save one’s life 救某人的命 2. damage vt. 损害；破坏 to harm or spoil sth/sb n. 损坏；损失 Which buildings were damaged in Seoul? 首尔哪些建筑被摧毁了？ Several cars were damaged in the crash. 好几辆车在撞车事故中损坏了。 Smoking seriously damages(vt.) your health. = Smoking causes/does serious damage(n.) to our health. 吸烟严重损害健康。 (对...造成损害/损失= cause harm to) pay for the damage 赔偿损失 a damaged leg 一条受伤的腿 （damage the leg） 词义关联： harm(v.) sb/sth = do/cause harm(n.) to sb/sth 伤害；损害 mean no harm 没有恶意 destroy sth/sb (v.) to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists,works, etc 摧毁；毁灭；破坏 spoil(v.) sth 破坏；糟蹋；毁掉 = ruin spoil sb 溺爱；娇惯；宠坏 3. destroy vt. 摧毁；毁灭；to damage sth so badly that it no longer exists,works, etc 2,400 homes destroyed 2400 所房屋被摧毁 The earthquake destroyed the road, destroyed the houses and destroyed the buildings. In a word, everything in this city was completely destroyed. The whole city was/lay in ruins. 地震摧毁了道路、摧毁了房子、摧毁了大楼。总之，这个城市的一切被彻底地摧毁。整个城市变成了一片废墟。 the destruction(n.摧毁；破坏；毁灭) of the rain forests 对雨林的破坏 the destructive(adj.引起破坏/毁灭的；破坏/毁灭性的) effects of anxiety 焦虑的破坏性影响 词义关联；devastate (vt.) to completely destroy a place or an area 彻底破坏；摧毁；毁灭 ruin sth (vt.) to damage sth so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc; to spoil sth 毁坏；破坏 The bad weather ruined/spoiled our trip. 天气恶劣，破坏了我们的旅行。 4. affect vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 82 killed, 500,000 affected 82 人遇难，50 万人受影响 Your opinion will not affect/have an effect on/ have an i