应用文写作观点议论类知识点清单-2024届高三英语一轮复习

高三应用文写作：观点议论类 观点议论类应用文写作要求针对某个问题、某件事或某种现象等进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张等。“周围的环境、学校生活、兴趣与爱好、个人情感、人际关系、计划与愿望、语言学习、世界与环境、热点话题、文学与艺术”等话题的写作都会涉及“观点议论类写作”。 1.语言特点 (1)时态较为统一：多用现在时，强调语言表达的客观性, 但阐述具体事例时用过去时 (2)主要人称: 一般为第一人称 (3)较多使用的词语和句子：条件状语从句、让步状语从句和情态动词, 名词性从句、定语从句、倒装句、It句式等复杂长句与短句的交替使用，非谓语动词的运用、拟人、比喻等多种修辞手法的合理使用。 (4)使用有举例、推理等含义的连接词和过渡词，常用的有：for example(例如)，since(既然), now that(既然), therefore(因此), however(然而), in that case(在那种情况下)等 (5) 较少语法错误，平时练习与积累时精准记忆，多接触原汁原味阅读素材,拒绝中式英语。 2.写作要求 (1)明确观点：通常在第一段提出,用词的贴切与得体，注重词汇精准积累，自然表达要点。 (2)观点阐述要充分：展示数据(list data)、提供事例(give examples)、借助常识(common sense),利用亲身经历等(first-hand experience),表对比(make comparisons),引用(using quotes),制作图表(making graphs),给出结束(give explanation)。 (3)层次应清楚：观点陈述层次要清晰，使读者一目了然。 (4)要点全覆盖,在第三段结尾需要重申自己的观点 议论文(1)——只呈现一种观点型 构思：三段论 Para.1 审清题目要求，从以上两种做法中选择一种，表明观点 Para.2 以具体事例阐述你选择的理由 Para 3 重申态度 话题词汇 表达自己的观点：personally；in my opinion; as far as I am concerned 个人选择：give up; follow; respect; stick to= insist on坚持; pioneer the concept开拓概念 活动感受：have a good time; have a lot of fun; enjoy; rewarding and challenging 重申态度：Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all. 常用过渡词 表列举：first, second, third, last; in the first / second / third place; above all首先;尤其是; first of all 表举例：for example, for instance, such as, a case in point 表补充：besides, in addition, moreover, what’s more, furthermore, on top of this 表转折让步：but, however, nevertheless, yet, in spite of, despite, though, although, even though, even if 表对比：on the one hand, … on the other hand; For one thing, … for another … 表原因：because, as, since, because of, now that, thanks to, due to, owing to, as a result of 表结果：therefore, thus, as a result, so (that), consequently 表结论：in a word, in brief, in general, in short, in conclusion, on the whole, to sum up, all in all 表解释：That is (to say), namely, in other words   一、第一段:引出话题+ 呈现自己的观点 1. Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern. 最近，……问题已引起人们的关注。 2. The Internet has been playing an increasingly impor