内容正文:
UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
主题语境类型:人与自然;话题:自然灾害与防范,安全常识与自我保护;话题涉及教材其他内容:选择性必修第二册 UNIT 5 FIRST AID;选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
高频考点探究 深层探究高频考点,在探究运用中提升关键能力
1.damage vt.损害;破坏
n.损坏;损失
Once,when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆),I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand ...(2021·全国甲卷,阅读理解C)
一次,我在横杆上尝试某种技巧时,摔倒在石头上,损害了手上的神经……
在真实语境中先行体验高频考点
单句语法填空
①They managed to repair the houses that (damage) in the earthquake.
完成句子
②It’s very easy to (对……造成更多损坏) those damaged photos.
③He fell over and (弄坏了他的电脑).
were damaged
cause/do more damage to
damaged his computer
cause/do damage to 对……造成损害
pay for the damage 赔偿损失
damage one’s health 损害某人的健康
damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失,这种损失或因自然灾害所致,或因人为造成。一般不是彻底的破坏,是可以恢复/复原的。
He damaged my car with a stone.
他用石头砸坏了我的汽车。
destroy含有故意地或通过暴力破坏、毁灭无生命的东西和消灭、杀死有生命的东西等意义,强调彻底使之不能复原或再被利用。
The flood destroyed three bridges.
洪水冲毁了三座桥。
ruin与destroy基本同义,指彻底毁坏,但可以不是因故意或暴力,而是由于疏忽或不可避免的因素造成的,可作名词,表示废墟,被毁坏、瓦解或腐烂的某物的遗迹。
The crops are nearly ruined by the continuous rain.
连续不断的雨水几乎毁坏了这些农作物。
2.affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动
effect n.影响;结果;效果
I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.(2022·浙江1月卷,完形填空)
我感到如此无助和没有安全感,因为我的生活质量受到了影响。
在真实语境中先行体验高频考点
单句语法填空
①With the help of local government,those people (affect) by the flood have moved to a new place.
②Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected his story.
affected
by
be affected by 受……的影响;被……感动
affect sb/sth 影响某人/某物
be affected with a high fever 发高烧
3.ruin n.&vt.破坏;毁坏
在真实语境中先行体验高频考点
单句语法填空
①The whole city lay in (ruin) after the earthquake.
②Last week,the bad weather (ruin) our trip.
翻译句子
③早上的大雨毁了我们去小镇野餐的计划。
ruins
ruined
The rain in the morning ruined our plan of having a picnic in the town.
lie/ be in ruins 成为废墟;严重受损;破败不堪
fall into ruin 毁坏;毁