UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Section Ⅲ Grammar-【精讲精练】2023-2024学年英语必修第二册北师大版(教师用书)

#Section Ⅲ　Grammar 过去将来时和复合词 项目一 过去将来时 一、基本概念 过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“should/would＋动词原形”或“was/were going to＋动词原形”来表达。 过去将来时的基本特征，即“立足过去，着眼未来”。它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。但这个“将来”时间绝不会延伸到“现在”，而仅限于“过去时间区域内”。 [即学活用1] 画出下列句子中的过去将来时 示例：I asked if he would_come_and_fix my TV set. ①He asked me yesterday when I should_leave for Paris. ②They wanted to know how they would_finish the homework earlier. ③I wish I would_go with him to the cinema tonight. ④I was told that he was_going_to_return home. ⑤He said that he would_wait for me at the school gate. 二、语法规则 1．过去将来时可以表示从过去某时看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。 He said that he would wait for us at the bus stop. 他说他要在车站等我们的。 Whenever we had trouble，he would come to help us. 每当我们遇到困难时，他总会给予帮助。 I didn't know when she would come，but when she came I would let you know. 我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。 2．条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn't work hard. 老师说，如果我不努力学习的话，就很难取得进步。 3．was/were going to do表示准备、计划做某事，或将要发生某事。 We were going to go to the cinema when the phone rang. 我们正准备去电影院，这时电话响了。 表示过去的某种习惯性行为，只用would。 三、其他结构 1．was/were about to do这种结构表示“正要、即将做某事”；was/were on the point of doing这种结构表示“正要……时”。 I couldn't go to Tom's birthday party as I was about to go to hospital. 我不能参加汤姆的生日晚会，因为我要去医院。 He was on the point of leaving when we came in. 我们进来时，他正要动身。 2．go，come，leave，take off等少数动词可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况；was/were to do表示曾计划做某事。 A lot of people were coming to watch the fireworks. 有许多人要来观看焰火。 She told her mother that she was going to a dance with Tom. 她告诉母亲，她要和汤姆一起去参加一个舞会。 She said she was to take up the position. 她说她要承担这个职务。 3．was/were supposed to do和was/were meant to do可以表示过去计划做，但没有做的事。 The train was supposed to arrive half an hour ago. 火车本应在半小时之前到达。 What was meant to be a funny story fell completely flat. 原欲使之成为有趣的故事，结果完全变得索然寡味。 [即学活用2] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Miss Zhang said she would_visit (visit) the Great Wall the next summer. ②She told him that she would_not_stay (not stay) h