病毒参考资料课件

非细胞形态的生命体一病毒 一病毒的基本知识 (一)病毒的基本特征： >病毒(virus)一核酸分子(DNA或RNA) 与蛋白质构成的核酸-蛋白质复合体； >个体微小，20~30nm之间，可通过滤菌器 大多数病毒必须用电镜才能看见； >含DNA或RNA,没有含两种核酸的病毒 1).DNA病毒(DNA virus)； 2).RNA病毒(RNA virus) >专营细胞内寄生生活 具有受体连结蛋白(receptor binding protein); (二).病毒的多样性：病毒有五种形态： 1球形：大多数人类和动物病毒，如脊髓灰质 炎病毒； 2丝形：多见于植物病毒，如烟草花吐病病毒； 3弹形：形似子弹头，如狂犬病病毒； 4砖形：如痘病毒； 5.蝌蚪形：如噬菌体； Figure 9-27 Schematic drawings of several types of viral genomes.The small- est viruses contain only a few genes and can have an RNA or a DNA genome;the largest viruses contain hundreds of genes and have a double-stranded DNA genome Some examples of these types of viruses are as follows:single-stranded RNA- tobacco mosaic virus,bacteriophage R17. double-stranded poliovirus:double-stranded RNA- single-stranded RNA single-stranded DNA circular DNA reovirus:single-stranded DNA-parvo- virus;single-stranded circular DNA- M13 and oX174 bacteriophages:double stranded circular DNA-SV40 and polyoma-viruses:double-stranded DNA- double-stranded RNA single-stranded double-stranded DNA T4 bacteriophage,herpesvirus;double. circular DNA stranded DNA with covalently linked terminal protein-adenovirus:double. stranded DNA with covalently sealed double-stranded DNA ends-poxvirus.The peculiar ends (as well double-stranded DNA with with covalently linked as the circular forms)present in some viral terminal protein each end covalently sealed genomes overcome the difficulty of repli. cating the last few nucleotides at the end of a DNA chain (see Figure 8-6). RNA病毒与DNA病毒 球形病毒：脊髓灰质炎病毒 可 线形病毒：烟草花叶病毒 丝状有被膜病毒：流感病毒 子弹形病毒：疱疹性口炎（似狂犬病毒） 可 07 砖形病毒：痘病毒