2023-2024学年人教版七年级英语上册 语法句子成分及结构

七上语法句子成分及结构 一．常见的句子结构 1. 主语+谓语+宾语 I like it . 主语 谓语 宾语 She helped me . 主语 谓语 宾语 The dog bites him. 主语 谓语 宾语 2. 主语+系动词+表语 He is happy. 主语 系动词 表语 She is my teacher. 主语 系动词 表语 The apple is red. 主语 系动词 表语 They are friendly. 主语 系动词 表语 3. 主语+谓语 It works。 主语 谓语 That dog has died 主语 谓语 【认识句子成分----谓语】 1. 谓语动词：对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明，指出做什么或是什么。 2. 谓语体现时态：谓语动词根据句子时态不同，有不同的形式 一般现在时态： 主语是第三人称单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用三单 She likes apple . Tom jumps high。 He has no brother Beijing is a beautiful city 主语不是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用原形 We like Chinese food. They get up early Students want to have one day off. 一般过去时态： 谓语动词要用过去式 She helped me yesterday They didn’t clean the room . He taught us science last year. 现在进行时态： 谓语部分要用be doing结构 She is playing the piano. We are having a break. The dog is looking at the person. 【认识句子成分-----系动词】 1. 1 1.系动词必须和表语一起说明主语的性质、特征或状态 2.系动词分类 be动词【最常见的系动词】am /is/ are/ was/were/be /been She is kind.【主系表】 We are tired。【主系表】 He was my deskmate。 感官系动词【xx起来】look/sound/waste/feel/smell The cake smells tasty. The idea sounds good. He looks unhappy. The dress feels soft. The soup tastes salty. 表“不变”的系动词【“保持”】keep/stay/remain We should keep/stay healthy They remain good friends. 表“转变”的系动词【“变为”】turn/get/become Leaves get yellow in autumn. His face turns red. She becomes successful. $$