内容正文:
虚拟语气
subjunctive mood
Queenie
语气?
英语中有陈述语气,祈使语气,虚拟语气,疑问语气和感叹语气
首先,我们先来举例区分五种语气:
1、陈述语气
There is a house.
2、祈使语气
Go into house.
3、虚拟语气
If there were a house,I would go into it.
4、疑问语气
Is there a house?/ Where is the house?
5、感叹语气
How beautiful a house is!/ What a beautiful!
条件状语从句
虚拟语气?
在以上情况中,其他四种语气基本表示真是的情况,只有虚拟语气表示一中假设的情况,If there were a house,I would go into it. 可以翻译为 :如果有一座房子,我会进入它。
Def:虚拟语气:
1、是说话者用来表示假设,或难以实现的情况,并非客观存在的事实;
2、陈述的是一个条件,不一定是事实,甚至完全与事实相反;
3、表示主观愿望或者某种强烈的感情时,也可以用虚拟语气。
表示方式:谓语动词的特殊形式
内容
CONTENTS
在条件状语从句中的使用
01
条件状语从句
条件状语从句是由引导词if以及unless等词引导的状语从句。在英文中,“条件”是指某一件事情实现之后(状语从句中的动作),其它事情(主句中的动作)才能发生,通常译作“假如”、“如果”。
注意:非真实条件句用虚拟语气
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或者实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气
条件句虚拟式 从句 主句 例句
与现在事实相反 动词的过去式(be-were) would/ should/ might/ could+do If I were a bird, I would fly to you.
与过去事实相反 had+done would/ should/ might/ could+have done If we had started earlier, we should not missed the train.
与将来事实相反 should+do;
动词过去时;
were to +do would/ should/ might/ could+do If teacher Li should have time tomorrow, we could ask him some question.
在虚拟语气中,有后退一个时态,注意be 动词的过去需要用were
省略if 的虚拟语气
从句中含有were/ should/ had 可将其放置于句首,省略if,用倒装 原句 一省二提
If I were you, I would take an umbrella. Were I you, I would take
an umbrella.
If it should happen, what would you do ? Should it happen, what would you do ?
If he had recognized me, he would have come over. Had he recognized mehe would have come over.
在虚拟语气中,若有had/were/should等助动词,可将其提到句首,省略if变成为倒装句式,简称“一省二提”
例题巩固
1、 today,he would get there by Friday.
A. would he leave B. was he leaving
C. were he to leave D. If he leaves
[考点解析] C 本题考察虚拟语气省略if 的用法,if 引导的非真实条件句中,如果从句中有were, should, had时,if 可以省略,但是句子必须用倒装结构。
2、 I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. were
[考点解析] D 本题考察虚拟语气省略if 的用法,if 引导的非真实条件句中,如果从句中有were, should, had时,if 可以省略,但是句子必须用倒装结构。 注意,在虚拟语气中,be 动词的过去式是were
含蓄条件句
采用暗含的方式表述假设的情况
例如通过介词短语表示
but for, without,
otherwise等 例句
But fo