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Earth is far more alive than we previously thought,according to "deep life"studies that
reveal a rich ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world's
oceans.Despite extreme heat,no light and intense pressure,scientists estimate it has between
15 billion and 23 billion tonnes of microorganisms."It's like finding a whole new reservoir
of life on Earth,"said Karen Lloyd,an associate professor at the University of Tennessee.
Results suggest 70 percent of Earth's bacteria and archaea exist in the subsurface.One
organism found 2.5 kilometers below the surface has been buried for millions of years and
may not rely at all on energy from the sun.Also,the methanogen (has found a way
to create methane in this environment,which it may not use to reproduce or divide,but use to
replace or repair broken parts.Lengths of their lives are completely different.Some
microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years,barely moving except shifts in
earthquakes or eruptions.They're just active inside,with less energy than people thought
possible to support life.
The team consists of 1,200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from
geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics.A year before the conclusion of their
study,they will preset the findings before the American Geophysical Union's annual meeting
opens this week,which they say are made possible by technical advances on drills and
microscopes.
The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life cannot exist,but
the deeper they dig,the more life they find.There is a temperature maximum -currently
122C,but they believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring and developing
more advanced instruments.
Questions remain,including how the microbes interact with chemical processes and
what this might reveal about how life and Earth coevolved.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一支由来自52个国家多个领域内的科
学家组