2023年中考英语复习表语从句讲义

表语从句 一、定义：在主从复合句中充当表语成分的句子叫做表语从句。 二、引导词 引导表语从句的常用连词有：从属连词（that, whether, as if, as though, because, as等），连接代词（what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等），连接副词（when, where, why how）。 三、用法 表语从句除了可以用在be动词后，还可以用在appear，seem，look, sound, remain等联系动词后面。 1. that在引导表语从句时无含义，不作成分，通常不省。 1)表示事实、真理等的实际内容。 The fact is that he is lying. The odds are that he will not do it. 2)表示某人的意见、信念等的实际内容。 Our belief is that things will improve. The trouble is that we are short of money. 2. whether引导表语从句（不可用if) His first question was whether Holmes had arrived yet. The question is whether people will buy it. 3.连接代词引导的表语从句。 This is what i want. The question is who can be chosen to be manager of the company. My question is which of them is better. 4.连接副词引导的表语从句。 The problem seemed how we could make him understand it. The question is where we should go. 5. as if, as though引导的表语从句（常用虚拟语气） He looks as if he were angry. It looks as if it's going to rain. 注意事项： 1. 当主语为reason 时，表语从句的连接词要用that，不用because，构成句型“the reason (why…) is that….” The reason why you did not join us seems unbelievable. 2. A is to B what C is to D. English is to me what fish is to water. 3.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如： My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发 4.系动词分类： 一、根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类： 完全系动词（其后只能跟表语的动词，如be, seem）和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用，如look） 例如： 1）He looked sadly at the boy.(“看着”，实义动词用法) He looks a clever boy .（“看起来”，系动词用法） 2）He looks at a clever boy.（“看着”，实义动词用法） 在英语中，某一动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系动词用法。 二、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为四类： A．五大感官系动词 B．状态系动词 C．动态系动词 D．双谓语系动词 1．look“看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。 The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所思。 2．smell“闻起来”，后接adj.分词。 The flowers smell sweet. 这些花气味真香。 3．sound“听起来”，后接adj.\分词。 The music sounds sweet.这首诗听起来真悦耳。 4．taste“尝起来”，后接adj.\分词。 The apples taste very good. 这些苹果很好吃。 5．