内容正文:
1、 祈使句的分类
祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。
以动词原形开头。如:
Stand up!
Don’t worry about!
Come in,everybody!都进来!
有时将主语表示出来是为了加强语气或表示“不高兴”、“厌烦”、“鄙视”等情绪。如:
Don’t you be late again! 你可别再迟到了!
Mind your own business,you! 你少管闲事!
以let为引导词表建议。如:
Let’s go!
Let us go home!
Let him be here by 10 o’clock.
祈使句除用谓语动词表示外,还可用名词、副词、动词短语等表示。如:
Help!
Patience!
Quickly!
Hands up!
2、 祈使句的强调形式及否定形式
祈使句的强调形式是在整个结构之前加do。如:
Do be careful!
Do Stop talking!
Do give my regards to your parents!务必/一定代我向你父母问好!
祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加don’t或never。如:
Don’t you be nervous!你不要紧张!
以let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let’s或Let us/me后加not。如:
Let’s not waste our time arguing about it! 咱们别浪费时间争论这事了!
Let’s not say anything about it! 这事咱们谁也别说!三、祈使句的反意疑问句
1.祈使句的反意疑问部分为肯定形式,要用shall,will。如:
Pass me the book,will you?
2.Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“Shall we?”。如:
Let’s go for a walk,shall we?
Let’s forget it,shall we?
3.Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“will you?”。如:
Let us go for a walk,will you?
4.其它行为动词引起的祈使句,无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的祈使句,多用“will you?”,表一种客气的语气。如:
Listen to me,will you?
Don’t tell anyone about it,will you?
但在肯定的祈使句后有时也用“won’t you?”表“提醒对方注意”或表“邀请”。如:
Have a cup of coffee,won’t you?
Come in and take a seat,won’t you/will you?
一、单项选择
1. The TV is too loud. Please________.
A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it
2. _______ late again, Bill!
A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not
3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't
4. Please help me carry it, ______?
A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we
5. Don't make so much noise, ______?
A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you 6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree?
A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood 7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.
A. bring B. brings C. to bring