内容正文:
七年级下册语法总结
一、情态动词can的用法
1.can+动词原形。
2.can不随主语的人称和数而变化。
3.句型转换:
肯定句:I can speak English.
否定句:I can't speak English.(can后+not,即can't/cannot)
一般疑问句:Can you speak English?
—Yes,I can./No,I can't.(can提前,句尾+?,一人称变二人称)
特殊疑问句:What can you speak?(特殊疑问词+can引导的一般疑问句)
Can的用法:
1.表现在/将来的能力“能、会、可以”,过去的能力用could。
2.表请求或许可。Could语气更委婉。 Can you help me?
3.表推测,用于否定句和疑问句,“可能”。 肯定句用must。
Tom can't be at home now. 汤姆现在不可能在家。
He must be Mr. Li. 他一定是李先生。
2、 情态动词have to和must的用法
1. have to“必须,不得不”(强调客观需要)→(三单)has to(有人称/数/时态的变化)
→(否)don't have to / doesn't have to “不必”
2. must“必须,一定”(强调主观意愿) 后+V原(无人称和数的变化) mustn't 禁止
eg:Must I finish my homework first?
—Yes,you must. 是的,你必须。
—No,you don't have to ./ No,you needn't. 不,你不必。
注:Must提问,肯定回答用must,否定回答用 needn't /don't have to。
3、 need的用法
①实义动词“需要”。 need sth. need to do sth. need sb. to do sth.
②情态动词“需要”(常用于否定句/一般疑问句)
eg:Need I do my homework today?
—No,you needn't /don't have to. 不,你不必。
—Yes,you must. 是的,你必须。
四、 特殊疑问句
1. 含义:以特殊疑问词开头的疑问句。(特殊疑问词+一般疑问句)
2. 特殊疑问词总结:
①what “什么”(对物体、职业、姓名等提问)
what day “星期几” What day is it today? 今天星期几?
what size “多大尺码” What size are your shoes? 你的鞋穿多大码?
what time “什么时间”(对具体时间点提问)
what color “什么颜色”
②when “什么时候” (对时间提问)
③where “在哪里”(对地点、方位提问) Where are you from?
④who “谁”(对人提问)
⑤which “哪一个;哪些”
⑥why “为什么”(问原因,常用because+句子回答) eg:Why don't you like tigers?
⑦whose“谁的”
⑧how “如何,怎样”(对方式、程度、身体提问)
A.问交通方式,其答语为:①take a/the+交通工具 ②by+交通工具 ③on/in+限定词+交通工具
eg:How do you go to school?
—I take a bus to school. / I go to school by bus. / I go to school on the bus .
B、 问健康状况:How is your father?
C、 问对事物的看法:How do you like your English teacher?=What do you think of your English teacher?
D、 问天气:How is the weather?=What’s the weather like?
E、 问事情进展情况:How’s everything going?
how many “多少”(对可数名词数量提问)
eg:How many books do you have? 你有多少本书?
how much “多少”(对不可数名词数量提问) “多少钱”(问价格)
eg:How much water is there in the glass? 杯子里水有多少?
how long “多长时间”(对时间段提问)回答常用“for+时间段”; 多长(对长度提问)
eg:How long do you go to school? 你去