内容正文:
Unit 2 I have a good friend
Grammar :
现在完成时&频度副词
现在完成时
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一、现在完成时的构成
二、现在完成时的主要用法
三、现在完成时的时间状语
一、现在完成时的构成
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have (has)+ 过去分词
present(now)
future
past
现在完成时
( present perfect tense)
do my homework
一、现在完成时的构成
肯定式:主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.
疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词?
否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.
例句
Has he gone to the library ? 他是去了图书馆吗?
Yes ,he has. 是的,是去那里了。
She has passed the exam so far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
二、现在完成时的主要用法
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-- It’s so dark.
--Someone has turned off the light.
(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)
-- Are you free?
--I have finished my homework. I am free.
(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
主菜单
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since + 过去的时间点,for + 一段时间,so far 等时间状语连用。
He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。
I have learnt English for more than ten years.
我已经学了10多年的英语。
He has been away for two years. 他已走了两年。(for +时间段)
He has been an English teacher since 1992. 自从1992年以来他一直当英语教师。
3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.
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I have ever been to the Summer Palace?
(我曾去过颐和园)
I have never had a car.
(我从未有过汽车。)
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三、现在完成时的时间状语
◆常与
①already, ②never,
③ever, ④just,
⑤yet, ⑥before,
⑦up to now, ⑧so far,
⑨for the last few weeks
⑩these days,
⑾since
⑿for a long time
用
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1.for +
Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks.
He’s studied English for 3 years.
一段时间
2. since +
从句(一般过去时)
单词
词组
(表示过去某一时间的)时间点
Eg. I have been here since 2000.
I have been here since 5 years ago.
I have been here since I graduated in 2000.
since: (自…以来)
1)since+时间点
He has stayed here since 5 o’clock.
2)since+ 时间段+ ago
He has stayed here since 5 hours ago.
3)since+ 从句
She has taught English since he came here.
for: (长达)
for+ 时间段
He has kept the book for 2 weeks.
since , for 的用法:
Take notes
注1): since 也可单独使用, 表示“自那时起”; 另外since前也可加上ever,以加强语气.
Eg. I have been here (ever) since.
I have been here (ever) since I graduated in 2000.
注2): 对for或since引导的时间状语提问 必须用how l