Unit 5 What are the shirts made of 初中被动语态讲解课件2023-2024学年人教版英语九年级全册

被动语态 the Passive Voice My brother sweeps the floor every week. The floor is swept by my brother every week. sweep the floor every week Tom was bited by a dog last week. A dog bited Tom last week. 主动语态 如果主语是动作的执行者，动词要用主动语态； 被动语态 如果主语是动作的承受者，动词就要用被动语态。 1.定义： 语态是表示主语和谓语的关系。 2.语态的种类 一.语 态  汉语中的被字句 English is spoken by many people . Many people speak English. 主动语态，句子的主语many people是动作speak的执行者。 被动语态，句子的主语English是动作speak的承受者。 主语 谓语 主语 谓语 宾语 执行者 承受者 They do their homework after school. Their homework is done by them after school. He plays basketball every Friday. Basketball is played by him every Friday. 主 主 宾 宾 主 谓 宾 主 谓 宾 谓 谓 二. 被动语态的结构 be+动词过去分词（done） 1.宾变主 把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 如果宾语是人称代词宾格，应把宾格变成主格。 2.谓语变be done 谓语变为被动语态结构be done 3.主变宾 三. 主动语态变被动语态的变法 把主动语态的主语变成by+宾语。 如果主动语态句子中的主语是人称代词，改为被动语态时，要用宾格。 四. 各时态的被动语态的构成 注： 被动语态的时态，人称及数的变化主要体现在be的变化上。 1.They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时： S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词 2. They bought ten computers last term． Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时： S+ was/were +过去分词 3. Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词 4. I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night． My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时： S+ was/were + being+过去分词 5.They will finish the work in ten days. The work will be finished (by them)in ten days. 一般将来时： S+ will + be+过去分词 6. We have made twenty more keys ． Twenty more keys have been made by us. 现在完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词 7.Amy can take good care of Gina . Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 含情态动词的被动语态： S+ 情态动词 + be+过去分词 各种时态的被动语态的构成 一般现在时 am/is/are +过去分词 一般过去时 was/were 一般将来时 will/shall + be be going to +be 现在进行时 am/is/are + being 过去进行时 was/were + being 现在完成时 have/has + been 含情态动词的句子 情态动词+be Such books are written for children. （1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁. It’s said / reported / + that …据说/据报道 （2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。 The