内容正文:
Grammar
情态动词
1
一、can
can +V原
1
can 不随人称变化
I can swim.
我会游泳。
我不会游泳。
I can’t swim.
你会游泳吗?
Can you swim?
Yes, I can.
No, I can’t.
翻译:你会游泳还是骑自行车?
Can you swim or ride a bike?
表能力 (能,会)
一、can
can +V原
2
can 不随人称变化
-Can I read your book?
我可以读你的书吗?
翻译:你可以明天写作业。
表允许 (可以)
译
-Yes, you can.
是的,你可以。
You can do your homework tomorrow.
一、can
can +V原
3
can 不随人称变化
That can′t be Mary. She has gone home.
那不可能是Mary。 她已经回家了。
表推测
译
There is someone outside, who can it be?
有人在外面,可能是谁呢?
译
注意: 此用法常见于否定的推测。
二、could
could +V原
1
could 不随人称变化
She could play the violin when she was five.
她在5岁时就会拉小提琴了。
表过去的能力
译
can的过去式
二、could
could +V原
2
could 不随人称变化
-Could I use your cellphone?
表礼貌的请求
思考:礼貌的请求是过去式吗?
-Yes, you can.
我能用你的手机吗?
译
答
只用在疑问句中,回答用can
can/could
I can swim.
I can’t ski.
I can’t play chess.
I can’t drive a car.
I can’t ride a horse.
I can’t dance.
Could you please pass me the salt?
Could you turn off the radio?
Could you have a look?
Can I have a look ?
Can I use your pen?
More practice
三、must
must +V原
1
must 不随人称变化
We must clean the room.
我们必须打扫房间。
我们禁止在博物馆拍照。
We mustn′t take photos in the museum.
must 必须; mustn’t 禁止
表必须 (多指说话人的主观看法)
三、must
must +V原
2
must 不随人称变化
-Must I finish my homework tonight?
我必须今晚完成作业吗?
-Yes, you must.
must 问句否定回答用
needn’t / don’t have to.
问句的回答
-No, you needn′t .
-No, you don′t have to.
三、must
must +V原
3
must 不随人称变化
-Whose book is this?
-It must be John’s. His name is on it.
mustn’t 否定的推测-不可能
表推测 (肯定的推测 : 一定是)
它一定是约翰的。他的名字在上面。
四、have to
have to +V原
1
have to 随人称时态变化
-I have to stop the car.
不得不(客观必要)
我不得不停下车。
-He stop the car.
他不得不停下车。
has to
四、have to
have to +V原
2
have to 随人称时态变化
They have to stop the car.
have to 句型变化
肯
否
They stop the car.
don′t
have to
肯
She has to stop the car.
否
She stop the car.
doesn′t
have to
四、have to
have to +V原
3
have to 随人称时态变化
has/have to 过去式
I look after my litt