内容正文:
基础语法课(2)——代词、介词(介词短语)
语法项目(一) 代 词
[语境中体悟用法]
朗读下面短文,体会、领悟加蓝代词的意义及在句中充当的成分。
We① students should get on well with each other②.But in fact, something unpleasant can happen from time to time. For example, yesterday afternoon, it③ was fine. All④ of us went out to the playground. Some were playing games and others⑤ were playing football when two boys of us quarreled and then fought. Every one⑥
of us was confused because they were ever very good friends and nobody⑦ could exactly tell what⑧ they fought for. Neither⑨ of them wanted to give in to the other⑩.I thought it⑪ wrong of them to do so. So I tried to tell them⑫ that we should put ourselves⑬ in others' shoes, but both⑭ of them were too angry to calm down. It⑮ was not until our headteacher came that they parted. In my opinion, it⑯ is necessary for us to calm down and solve problems that we meet. Only those⑰ who can easily forgive and forget will get a more comfortable life.
[用法体悟]
①we是人称代词的 ,在本句中作 。
②each other和one another是 ,在句中只能作及物动词或介词的宾语。本句中的each other作介词with的 。
③it在本句中用作非人称代词,作 ,表示“天气”。
④all是 ,在本句中作 。
⑤some ... others ...是固定句式,表示“一些人……另一些人……”。此处,some和others是 ,在句中作 。
主格
主语
相互代词
宾语
主语
不定代词
主语
不定代词
主语
⑥every one是 ,在本句中作 ,注意,every one常接of短语,但everyone(=everybody)不与of短语连用。
⑦不定代词nobody(=no one)表示“没有一个人”,在本句中作 。
⑧what是 ,引导宾语从句,并在从句中作 。
⑨不定代词neither指两者中“没有一个”,在本句中作 。
⑩不定代词the other特指两者中的“另外一个”,在本句中作介词to的 。
⑪it作 ,真正的宾语是后面的 。
不定代词
主语
主语
连接代词
宾语
主语
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形式宾语
不定式
⑫them是人称代词的宾格,在句中作 。
⑬ourselves是 ,在本句中作put的 。反身代词在句中一般作宾语,也可作表语或宾语的同位语。
⑭不定代词both表示“两者都”,在本句中作 。
⑮it在此用于构成 ,it was not until ... that ...是对not until ...句式的强调。
⑯it作 ,真正的主语是后面的 短语。
⑰those是 ,表示“那些人”,相当于those people。
宾语
反身代词
宾语
主语
强调句型
形式主语
不定式
指示代词
[系统中整合规则]
(一)人称