Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking(1)——通文本-2022-2023学年高一新教材英语必修第一册【步步高】学习笔记（人教版）

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking(1)——通文本 THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM：CONNECTING① THE PAST AND THE PRESENT China is widely② known for③ its ancient civilisation④ which has continued all the way through⑤ into modern times, despite⑥ the many ups and downs⑦ in its history【1】．There are many reasons why this has been possible【2】， but one of the main factors⑧ has been the Chinese writing system. 【1】which引导的定语从句修饰先行词its ancient civilisation。 【2】关系副词why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reasons，同时why在从句中作原因状语。 At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture－based⑨ language.It dates back several thousand years to⑩ the use of longgu—animal bones⑪ and shells⑫ on which symbols⑬ were carved⑭ by ancient Chinese people【3】．Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi. 【3】“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句修饰先行词animal bones and shells。which指代animal bones and shells。 By the Shang Dynasty⑮ (around 1600－1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well－developed⑯ writing system.Over the years, the system developed into⑰ different forms, as it was a time when people were divided⑱ geographically⑲， leading to many varieties⑳ of dialects and characters【4】．This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221－207 BCE)． 【4】as引导原因状语从句，该从句中包含一个“it is/was a time when...”句型，意为“这是一个……的时代/时刻”，其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time。动词－ing短语leading to...characters作结果状语。 Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction【5】．That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak【6】， they can all still communicate in writing. 【5】where引导的定语从句修饰先行词one unified country，where在从句中作地点状语。 【6】“no matter＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句，what前省略了no matter。 Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past【7】．People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.The high rega