内容正文:
现在进行时,过去进行时和过去将来时
一、现在进行时
(一)结构 由be(am/is/are) +动词-ing 构成。
(二)用法
1、表示说话时刻正在进行的动作及行为,或者包括说话时刻在内的一段时间正在进行的动作。常用时间状语及标志词:now( at the moment ) , listen , look , be quiet, this week , this evening , these days 等。
Listen , Someone is playing the piano in the next room .
2、表示一种渐进的过程。
My younger brother is becoming more and more interested in English .
3、与always , all the time , forever等连用,表示说话人某种强烈的情感,如:赞许、批评;喜欢、厌恶等。例如:
He is always thinking of others, not of himself .(表示赞许)他总是为他人着想,而不为自己。
She is often doing well at school. (表示满意)她在学校学习挺不错的。
One of my roommates is constantly leaving things about.(表示不满)我的一个室友老是乱扔东西。
4、表示移位的动词,如go, come, leave, start, arrive等,其现在进行时可表将来。
She is leaving for Beijing next weak .
My friend is coming for dinner .
(三)句型
1、肯定句:主语+ be(am/is/are) +动词—ing +其他。
I am studying now .
2、否定句:主语+ be +not+动词—ing +其他。
I am not studying now .
3、一般疑问句:Be+主语+动词—ing +其他?
Is she studying now ? Yes ,she is ./No,she isn’t .
4、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ Be+主语+动词—ing +其他?
What are you doing now ?
二、过去进行时
(一)结构 : 由was/were+动词-ing构成。
(二)用法
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行或发生的动作。动作发生的特指时间常用一个短语或时间状语从句来表明,如:at this time yesterday,at 7:00 yesterday ,last night ,from seven to nine ,at that time以when或while引导的时间状语从句等。
My family were watching TV at this time yesterday .
注意:(1)以when引导的时间状语从句中,从句动作,主句用过去进行时,表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行。
When he called me , I was having dinner .
(2)以while引导的时间状语从句中,从句与主句的动作在过去某一时刻同时进行,while 常译为“当……的时候,同时”。
Tom was doing his homework while his sister was watching TV .
三、过去将来时(一般过去将来时)
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。
(一)结构:
1.肯定句:主语+be(was,were)going to+动词原形+其它
或:主语+would(should)+动词原形+其它
2.否定句:主语+be(was,were)not going to+动词原形+其它
或:主语+would(should)not+动词原形 +其它
3.疑问句:Be(Was,Were)+主语+going to+动词原形+其它
或:Would(Should)+主语+动词原形+其它
注意:与一般将来时相比,就是把系动词be变为过去式,把will,shall变为过去式。
二、例句:
I didn't know if he would come.
=I didn't know if he was going to come. 我不知道他是否会来。
I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。
I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。
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