“线索法”巧解“七选五” 讲义-2023届高三英语二轮复习

“线索法”巧解“七选五” 一、词汇线索 “七选五”设空处的句子，与上下文构成完整的段落，设题句与上下文围绕同一个主题展开。因此，“七选五”的解题要着重于段落或上下文，就近思考最佳选项，实现主题一致、逻辑衔接。学生应保持对词汇线索的敏感性，词汇线索常有重复词、代词、副词、近义词、反义词、同类词等。其中，重复词、代词和副词线索较为常见，以下举例说明。 （一）重复词 设题句与上下文连贯构成完整意义，在论述中就有可能出现中心重复词。重复词的出现则为学生寻找合适答案提供了线索。 例1. Each person,no matter who they are,has psychological imbalances.People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry.Also,sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition,but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred. [解题思路]53.E (Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state,where anger is in the background of your mind.) 这一段主要的关键词是“personality traits”（个人性格特征）。答案E与设空处前一句中均出现了“personality traits”一词， 故“personality traits”为重复词线索。印证分析，前一句提到容易生气的性格特质，答案E“拥有这些个人性格特征意味着生气前兆状态”，与前一句衔接自然。故53题选E。 （二）代词 有所指代，必有所交代。代词为前指，即代词所指代的内容往往在前文有所交代。代词在设题句里，或在设题句的后文中。 例2. Unfortunately,we've all been victim s of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from,lied to,m isled,or cheated on,there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.It's understandable,but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there. [解题思路]37.E (They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.) 答案E里的代词“they”指代设空处前一句中的“people”，为代词线索。印证分析，设空处前一句“有时候人们不再轻易相信他人了”，答案E“他们受到了深深的伤害，不能容忍它再次发生”，衔接自然。故37题选E。 （三）副词 副词also, even等，与前文形成逻辑衔接，表示并列、程度等。利用这些副词的隐含逻辑关系，可以找出设空处的最佳答案。 例3. They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example：women,on average,get fewer colds than men. [解题思路]39.C (Women are also helped by their female genes.) 答案C中的“also”为副词线索。印证分析，39题上文提到，女人受益于they （hormones）（荷尔蒙），比男人感冒要少。答案C“女人也受益于他们的雌性基因”，与上文“受益于荷尔蒙”并列，衔接自然。故39题选C。 二、逻辑线索 小句关系指句子呈现在语篇环境中与其他句子建立起来的意义联络，是作者与读者在语篇交互平台上对话语意义单位的静态建构与组合。根据小句间的逻辑语义关系和语篇内“承上启下”的原则，学