UNIT 3 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language（Word教参）-【优化指导】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language 过去完成时和过去完成时的被动语态 [对应学生用书P82] [观察] 1.Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America，with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. 2.When my family and I had just arrived in China，we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. 3.A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend，and finally，we found it. 4.Tired，hungry，and not knowing a word of Chinese，we had no idea how to order，so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. [探究] 1.以上句子中黑体部分所用的时态都是过去完成时。 2.句2和句4中黑体部分使用的是过去完成时的主动语态，其基本结构是“had＋过去分词”。 3.句1和句3中黑体部分使用的是过去完成时的被动语态，其基本结构是“had＋been＋过去分词”。 1.什么情况下谓语动词要使用过去完成时及其被动语态？ 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时的被动形式。 2.过去完成时与一般过去时有何区别？ 过去完成时：在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，表示动作发生的时间是过去的过去。 一般过去时：过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。 一、过去完成时及其被动语态 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。谓语动词由“had＋过去分词”构成，其被动语态由“had＋been＋过去分词”构成。 (一)过去完成时及其被动语态的基本结构 [感知] 1.I had finished my homework before I had supper. 我在吃晚饭前已经把家庭作业做完了。 2.The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 这个小男孩被提醒还未交作业。 3.Tom had not eaten his supper in the canteen before he went back home. 汤姆还没在食堂吃晚饭就回家了。 4.Had he finished his homework by the time you got here? 你来的时候他已经做完作业了吗？ 5.Why had The Castle become a memory of generation? 为什么《城堡》会成为一代人的记忆？ [探究] 1.句1是过去完成时的肯定句结构。 2.句2是过去完成时的被动语态的否定句结构。 3.句3是过去完成时的否定句结构。 4.句4是过去完成时的一般疑问句结构。 5.句5是过去完成时的特殊疑问句结构。 [归纳] 过去完成时 主动语态 被动语态 肯定形式 had done had been done 否定形式 had not done had not been done 一般疑问句 Had＋主语＋done ...？ Had＋主语＋been done ...？ 特殊疑问句 疑问词＋had＋主语＋done ...？ 疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done ...？ [即练] 按要求改写句子 ①The movie had been on for half an hour when we got to the cinema. →The movie had not been on for half an hour when we got to the cinema.(否定句) →Had the movie been on for half an hour when we got to the cinema？(一般疑问句) →How long had the movie been on when we got to the cinema？(特殊疑问句，对加黑部分提问) ②The house had been picked up by