内容正文:
第16章 状语从句
Part1 中考考点分析
状语从句的考查都会与从属连词相结合,主要在状语从句中考查从属连词的辨析及应用。
一.时间状语从句
(1)由when、while、as(当......时候)引导的时间状语从句。
When Jack got home,his motherwas cooking.
(2)由after/before(在......之后/前)引导的时间状语从句。
The football match played after school wasover.
(3)由as soon as(一......就......)引导的时间状语从句。
I'll ring you as soon as I reach Beijing
(4) 由not...until(直到…...才......)引导的时间状语从句。
They didn'tstop until they finished the work.
1.when,while,as引导时间状语从句的区别
when,while,as都可以引导时间状语从句,但用法区别非常大。
when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already?
你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的? (get为短暂性动词)
Sorry, I was out when you called me.
对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了。 (call为短暂性动词)
Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。 (is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)
The students took notes as they listened.
学生们边听课边做笔记。 (listen为延续性动词)
2.until和till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时",动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句:I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
(在肯定句中可用before代替。例如:Let’s get in the wheat before the sun sets.)
否定句:She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
区别:
(1)until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前,出了什么事我一点也不知道。
(2)until when 疑问句中,until要放在句首。
—Until when are you staying?
—Until next Monday.
注意:否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
(3)Not until...在句首,主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.到19 世纪初,人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到工作,才认识到我已蹉跎许多岁月。
二. 目的状语从句
1. to,in order to,so as to引导目的状语短语,构成简单句,但不是目的状语从句。
He has to earn lots of money in order to/to/so as to raise his family.他赚很多钱是为了养家糊口。
2. so that,in order that引导目的状语从句,构成复合句,并且从句中谓语动词常与can,could,may,might等情态动词连用。
Speak clearly so that/in order to everybody can understand you. 请说清楚一点,这样每个人都能听得懂。
3.in order that与in order to译文相同,都译作"为了……",不同之处在于:in