Unit 2 Building the future Reading 知识点课件 -2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选修第二册

新牛津译林版高中英语选修二Unit 2 Building the future Reading知识点 There was once a village surrounded by fertile fields with farmers tending their crops and farm animals grazing lazily below a mighty mountain. Then coal was discovered and soon titanic-sized earth-digging machines circled the village. Villagers eagerly accepted the high-paid jobs the mining company provided, bringing a temporary economic boom. Meanwhile, the machines cut through everything in their path to access the coal buried beneath. Many years later, all that remained was a deserted village and an enormous hole. 新能源：给未来的礼物 从前有一个村庄，周围是肥沃的土地，农民们耕种庄稼，牲畜在高山下懒洋洋地吃草。后来这里发现了煤，很快，巨大的挖土机包围了村庄。村民们迫不及待地接受了采矿公司提供的高薪工作，这带来了短暂的经济繁荣。与此同时，机器在所经之处一路深挖，以获取埋在地下的煤炭。许多年后，这里剩下的只有一个废弃的村庄和一个巨大的坑 The scenairo is tragic, but it only partly describes the damaging effects fossil fuels have on the environment when they are mined. Actually, once burnt, they produce a large quantity of carbon dioxide, which in turn traps heat and causes global warming. Humans are clearly facing a critical moment, so a move towards clean, renewable energy is inevitable. Renewable energy sources, which include solar, wind, hydroelectric, tidal, biomass and geothermal energy, are perfect alternatives to fossil fuels. One of the reasons is that their carbon dioxide emissions tend to be lower. A study found that renewable energy sources emit about 50g or less of carbon dioxide per kilowatt-hour over their lifetime, compared to about 1,000g for coal. Besides, fossil fuels are non-renewable, whose reserves are estimated to dry up one day in the future. In contrast, renewable energy sources are basically inexhaustible and will be available to us for a few billion more years if our planet remains safe and healthy. 这是个悲剧的场景，但它只描绘了化石燃料开采时对环境造成的破坏性影响的一部分。事实上，一旦燃烧，它们（化石燃料）就会产生大量二氧化碳，而二氧化碳又会吸收热量，导致全球变暖。人类显然正面临着一个关键时刻，因此必然要向清洁的可再生能源转变。可再生能源包括太阳能、风能、水能、潮汐能、生物质能和地热能，它们可以完美地替代化石燃料。这其中的原因之一是它们的碳排放量往往更低。一项研究发现，可再生能源在其生命周期中，产生每千瓦时电力排放的二氧化碳只有约 50 克或更少，而煤炭