2023年人教版中考英语语法复习之非谓语动词 学案

第10章 非谓语动词 Part1 中考考点 英语中，一个主谓结构只能有一个谓语动词，再出现动词时，要变成非谓语形式。 非谓语动词有动名词，动词不定式和分词三种。在句中不能做谓语而作其它成分。 非谓语的基本语法特征： 动名词： 具有名词功能 动词不定式：表将来具体某一次 现在分词： 表主动和正在进行 过去分词： 表被动和已完成 1、 动名词 1. 作主语 表示经常性的动作。 ①直接放在主语位置。Seeing is beliving. Watching films is a good way to learn English. ②在下列结构中做主语 no use / no good It’s useless / fun +doing a shame / a waste of time / a task 2. ※ 作宾语 ① 在介词后作宾语 ② 只能接动名词的动词 advise, allow, avoid, consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, ③ 一些常用的接动名词的短语或结构 can’t help, give up, keep on, go on, take up, look forward to, pay attention to, get used to, prefer doing to doing, feel like have trouble/difficulty/fun (in) doing spend... (in) doing be busy doing be worth doing stop sb. (from) doing How/What about doing... 3. 作定语 （表示功能、作用） swimming pool sleeping bag waiting room drinking water 2、 动词不定式 1. 作主语 表示特定具体某一次。 To solve this problem is very difficult. 常用it作形式主语。 It is +adj. + for sb. to do (形容词是形容to do的, important, neccessary, possible, dificult, easy ) It is +adj. + of sb. to do (形容词是形容人的，kind, nice, helpful, polite, rude, foolish ) 2. ※ 作宾语 afford, agree, believe, choose, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, manage, need, offer, promise, plan, refuse, want, would like, wish, 谓语是find, think等词，常用it 作形式宾语。 I found it difficult to learn English. Do you think it interesting to travel abroad? 3. ※ 作宾补 （~ sb. to do ） advise, allow, ask, encourage, expect, tell, wish, want, warn, 后面接 sb. (not) to do 4. 作定语 ①the way后面常用不定式作定语。 the way to help him=the way of helping him ②不定式是不及物动词，后面要加必要的介词。 She is a nice person to work with. 若不定式修饰的词是place, way, time，则介词可省。 e.g. The Greens have a comfortable house to live in. The wild animals have no place to live (in). 5. 作表语 （表示将来某一次） My job is to collect letters. 6. ※ 作目的状语 to=in order to=so as to