2024年中考复习语法专题-状语从句

状语从句 1 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。 当状语为句子时即为状语从句，一般可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、结果等概念。 (一)、状语从句定义 Jim joined the army in 1989. Jim joined the army when he was 20. He learned English in America. He learned English where he lived . I will help you if you ask me. He wears a T-shirt though it is cold. 主句+从属连词+从句 Mum was cooking in the kitchen when I got home. 从属连词+从句+逗号（，）+主句 When I got home, mum was cooking in the kitchen. (二)、状语从句结构 状语 从句 时间状语从句 地点状语从句 条件状语从句 原因状语从句 让步状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 (三)、状语从句分类 比较状语从句 4 时间状语从句 1 I will call you when I get home safely. When I came into the room, he was writing a letter. We shall go there when we are free. He was happy when he heard the good news. The car had gone away when I arrived at the station. 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 主（过进）从（过） 主（现）从（现） 主（将）从（现） 主（过完）从（过） 主（过）从（过） 由when引导 1 while 指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的 as 引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，从句常译作“一边…一边…” She was singing while I was dancing. 主（进）从（进） 由while、as 引导 2 He has lived here since he came to Shanghai. I will call you as soon as I get home safely. I saw him as soon as I entered the room. since 意为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时 as soon as 意为“一…就”，若主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来 主（现完）从（过） 主（将）从（现） 主（过）从（过） 由since, as soon as 引导 3 before 表示在…之前 after 译为“在…之后” It will be one week before they travel to the UK. The film had been on before we got there. I will visit my grandparents after I finish the work. They went home after they had cleaned the room. 主（将）从（现） 主（过完）从（过） 主（将）从（现） 主（过）从（过完） 由before、after 引导 4 until/till引导时间状语从句，意为“直到……” 当主句的谓语动词时延续性动词，主句常用肯定形式； 当主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词时，主句常用否定形式。 not…until…意为“直到……才……”,”在....之前没有...” She won't go home until she finishes her work. She waited until the bus came at last. 主（将）从（现） 主（过）从（过） 由till、until 引导 5 条件状语从句 2 由if，unless引导 unless 从句的谓语只能用肯定式。 unless 和 if…not 同义，unless是书面语，if…not 是口语，通常二者可以换用。 We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. =We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain. You will