内容正文:
课课帮·初中英语
191
四、定语从句
一、考点结构梳理
(一)限制性定语从句的基本形式
名词/代词+关系代词/关系副词+定语从句
如:Ive
read
al
the
books
(that)
you
lent
me.
我已经看了你借给我的所有书。
如:Who
is
the
girl
that
talked
to
you
yesterday?
昨天和你说话的女孩是谁?
(二)结构比较
1.人(n.)+that/who+从句
如:一位漂亮的女孩
(1)a
beautiful
girl
形容词作定语
(2)a
girl
that/who
is
beautiful
从句作定语(girl是先行词)
2.物(n.)+that/which+从句
如:一本有趣的书
(1)an
interesting
book形容词作定语
(2)a
book
that/which
is
very
interesting从句作定语(book是先行词)
二、考点清单解读
(一)概念
在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句,并在复合句中充当定语,叫作定语从句。
1.先行词:
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
2.关系词:
引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词(that,
who,
whom,
which,
whose)和关系
副词(where,
when,
why)。
(二)用法(本书只涉及that,
which,
who和whom的用法)
1.定语从句的关系代词
that的用法
先行词指人或物,that代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语。
(1)The
animal
that
is
lost
is
a
panda.
丢失的那个动物是一只熊猫。
先行词指物,that代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语。
(2)She
is
the
person
that
we
are
worried
about.
她就是我们担心的那个人。
先行词指人,that代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语。
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192
2.定语从句的关系代词
which的用法
先行词指物,which代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语。
(1)This
is
the
pen
which
was
given
by
my
friend.
这是我朋友给我的笔。
先行词指物,which代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语。
(2)This
is
the
pen
which
my
friend
gave
to
me.
这是我朋友给我的笔。
先行词指物,which代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语。
3.定语从句的关系代词
who的用法
先行词指人,who代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语。
(1)The
man
who
is
wearing
a
white
suit
is
my
brother.
穿白色套装的那个男人是我
的哥哥。
先行词指人,who代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语。
(2)The
man
who/whom
he
wanted
to
see
last
week
is
in
Shanghai.
他上个星期想见
的那个男人在上海。
先行词指人,who/whom代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语。
注意:1.that/which在先行词指物时常常可以通用,但有时只用that,不用which。
(1)先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级时。
如:English
is
the
most
difficult
subject
that
you
wil
learn
during
these
years.
英语是你这几年将要学到的最难的学科。
(2)先行词是序数词或它的前面有一个序数词时。
如:He
is
the
first
person
that
I
want
to
see.
他是我想见的第一个人。
(3)主句中已有which或who疑问词时。
如:Which
is
the
bike
that
you
lost?
哪辆自行车是你丢的?
(4)先行词既有人又有物时。
如