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语法点三 祈使句
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语法一点通 读一读,学会祈使句的用法
含义:祈使句是表示请求、命令、劝告、祝愿或建议等的句子,主语一般为第二人称,但通常被省略,谓语动词用原形。
链接教材功能句式:
Go to bed early. 早点儿上床睡觉。
Eat vegetables every day. 每天吃蔬菜。
Do exercise every day. 每天做运动。
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01 祈使句的肯定句构成:
(1)Do型:实义动词原形+其他.
如:①Have a great time! 玩得高兴!
②Wash your hands, please! 请洗手!
(2)Be型:Be动词+形容词/名词.
如:①Be careful! 小心!
②Be a good boy. 做一个好男孩儿。
(3)Let型:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
如:Let's have fun! 让我们玩得愉快!
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02 祈使句的否定句构成:
(1)Do型:Don't+实义动词原形+其他.
如:Don't sing here! 不要在这里唱歌!
(2)Be型:Don't+be动词+形容词/名词.
如:Don't be nervous! 不要紧张!
(3)Let型:Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他./Don't let+宾语+动词原形+其他.
如:Let him not play football! 不要让他踢足球!
(4)No型:No+名词/动词-ing形式+其他.
如:No photos! 禁止拍照!
No smoking!禁止吸烟!
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名师点睛
祈使句的记忆口诀
祈使句祈使句,
要求命令或建议。
主语you常省去,
动原开头要牢记。
变否定也不难,
句首要把don't添。
表客气,please,
句首句末没关系。
特殊形式特殊记。
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多学一点
①“祈使句+and+表示结果的陈述句”可以用来表示顺承关系。
例:Hurry up and you will catch the train.
②“祈使句+or+表示结果的陈述句”可以用来表示转折关系。
例:Hurry up, or you will miss the train.
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语法自主测 测一测,看你掌握了多少
Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Please _____(take) this medicine.
take
2.____(go) to bed early.
Go
3.Tom, ______(open) your book, please.
open
4.___________(not drink) lots of water before you go to bed.
Don't drink
5.Always ______(wash) your hands after you go to the toilet.
wash
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Ⅱ.单项选择。
1.Be quick! ______ late for class.( )
A.Don't be B.Be not C.Be
2.He is not honest(诚实的). ______ believe(相信) him.( )
A.Not B.Don't C.To not
3.______ your hands before you eat.( )
A.Washing B.Washed C.Wash
4.Let me ______ a look at your new schoolbag.( )
A.have B.to have C.having
5.It's cold. ______ the window, please.( )
A.Don't open B.Do open C.Open
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Ⅲ.按要求完成下列句子。
1.You should do some exercise every day. (用祈使句改写句子)
___________________________
Do some exercise every day.
2.Don't carry the books to school! (改为肯定句)
_________________________
Carry the books to school!
3.Amy, you can't play with water! (用祈使句改写句子)
__________________________
Amy, don't play with water!
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