2023年人教版中考英语复习定语从句讲义

定语从句讲义 一、定语从句及相关术语 定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用 ‘…… 的 ’ 表示。主要由形容词担任。 定语从句:修饰主句中名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 结构:先行词+关系词+从句 先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 关系词:连接定语从句和主句的词,关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。(作用:1,引导定语从句 2,代替先行词 3,在定语从句中充当一个成分) 关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose, as等 关系副词:when,where,why 二、关系词 (一)关系代词(在句中做主语、宾语或定语) 1. 关系代词 that, which 的用法 (1) that 既可代表事物也可代表人, which 代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语, that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词, which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。在限定性定语从句中指代物时 , which 和 that 一般可通用。 The new house that/which I has just bought is about six miles away. They planted some trees that /which didn’t need much water. 【真题再现】 -Is this the new dictionary you got yesterday? -Yes. Now it’s very convenient for me to look up words.(2018成都) A.that B.why C.what 中考热点 限定性定语从句中只用 that 而不用 which 的情况。 A )先行词有形容词最高级修饰时 This is the best way that has been used against pollution. Polly is the most direct young woman that I have ever come across . B) 先行词有序数词修饰时 This is the third time that they have met. The very first time that Lester saw the film, he made up his mind to become a doctor. C) 主句已有疑问词 who或 which 时 Which of the car s that are in front of the hotel belongs to you? Who is the man that is sitting by the lake ? D) 先行词既有人又有物时 He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited. The bike and his rider that had run over an old man wer e taken to the police station. E) 先行词为 all, much, few, little, something, everything , anything, nothing, none 等不定代词时 It’s easy to do the repair. All that you need is a hammer and some nails. We haven’t got much that we can offer you. I’d like to tell you something that will make you surprised. F) 先行词前面有 the very, the only, the same, any, few, little, no, all, one of 等词修饰时 This is the very room that I slept in that evening. The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher. G) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词以用 which, 另一个 宜用 that Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.(找清楚两个先行词) 2. 关系代词 who, whom,who