内容正文:
决战小升初——专项提升复习及检测
(五)数词(原卷版)
一、数 词
(一)基数词
基数词:表示数量多少的数词叫基数词。
(1)基数词1~12 如下:
one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve。
(2)基数词13~19都以“teen”结尾:
thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen。
(3) 基数词 20、30、40 等整十都以“ty”结尾:
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety。
(4)基数词21~99(不包括整十)是由“几十”和“几”合起来,中间加连字符构成的。如:
twenty-one, thirty-two, fifty-three。
(5)整百的基数词由基数词加 hundred构成。如:one hundred, five hundred。
(6)基数词的语法功能
①作主语。如:
There are five boys over there. Three are playing football and two are flying kites. 那儿有五个男孩。三个(男孩)在踢足球,两个(男孩)在放风筝。
②作宾语。如:
I'd like eight. 我想要八个。
③作表语。如:
I'm fourteen.我十四岁了。
④作定语。如:
I have one animal friend.我有一个动物朋友。
真题解析
(2021·厦门集美区)( )—How heavy are you? — .
A. I'm 1. 56 meters. B. I'm 42 kilograms.
C. It's 46 kilograms.
解析:how heavy意为“多重”,这里是询问人的体重。答语应为“人称代词(主格)+be动词+基数词+kilograms.”。
答案:B
跟踪小练
( )1. —How old are you? —I’m .
A. eighteenth B. eighth
C. eight D. ninth
( )2. —What's six and twenty-five? —It's .
A. thirty B. thirty-two
C. thirty-first D. thirty-one
(二)序数词
序数词:表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词。
(1)大多数序数词是由“基数词+th”构成。如:
six → sixth, ten → tenth, thirteen →thirteenth。
(2)以 y结尾的整十位数变序数词时,要把y改成ie再加“th”。如:
twenty→twentieth,fifty→fiftieth。
(3)不规则变化。如:
one→first, two→second,three→third, five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth, twelve→twelfth。
(4)基数词“几十几”变序数词时,表示“几十”的基数词不变,只要把表示“几”的基数词变成序数词即可。如:
thirty-one→thirty-first, forty-four→forty-fourth,
fifty-nine→fifty-ninth
(5)序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母构成的。如:
1st,2nd,3rd,4th,21st,32nd,40th。
(6)序数词的语法功能
①作主语。如:
The fourth is big and round.第四个又大又圆。
②作宾语。如:
There are twenty stories. I like the seventeenth.有二十个故事。我喜欢第十七个。
③作表语。如:
Yang Ling is the sixth to get there.杨玲是第六个到达那儿的。
④作定语。如:
The third day of a week is Tuesday.一