内容正文:
►专题01 动词时态与语态用法梳理
考点精讲
考点01一般现在时动词形式为:do/does /am/is/ are 其被动表示:am/ is/ are + done
含义:(1)表示经常性动作、习惯性动作,或存在的状态。常与表示频率的副词或时间状语连用,比如:always,often, usually, sometimes, once a week, on Mondays…
含义:(2)表示客观事实、普遍真理。 The earth goes around the sun.
其他:If ,as soon as. when等引导的条件状语从句、时间状语从句--主将从现。
其他:一般现在表将来--飞机起飞,火车发车、电影演出开演等按照时刻表或按计划发生的事情,用一般现在时表将来,来表达其客观性,此时常用动词如leave, come,start,begin,go,come等。
1.Don’t worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you (be) away on business.
2.Grace (win)this game every time we play.
考点02现在进行时am/is /are doing 其被动表示:am/ is/ are being done
含义:(1)表示此时此刻正在进行。
含义:(2)表示现阶段正在进行。
标志词:now, these days 暗示词有:listen, see, can you see, can’t you see…
注意:写信、打电话:I am writing to ask…… I am phoning to ……
特例:表示感觉的动词、喜恶、希望、状态、归属、思维或理解能力一般不用现在进行时hear, smell, feel, taste, like/hate, want,remain, have, know, forget, believe, belong to等。
特例:用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,一般和时间状语连用,arrive, begin
going to 表将来;现在进行时表将来--be doing 可以表示将来,doing一般是coming, going, leaving。
(现在进行时与always,forever, continually, constantly等频度副词连用,表示反复出现的或习惯性动作,有抱怨,赞叹等感情色彩。e.g, She is always thinking of herself.)
1.Look! The boys are (kick) the ball around in the yard.
2. Please don’t make so much noise. The baby (sleep)now.
考点03现在完成时 has/have done 被动表示:has/have been done
含义:(1)表示已经发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响。常与already和yet连用,already用于肯定句,yet用于否定句与疑问句。
含义:(2)表示动作开始于过去,持续到现在(也有可能持续下去)。
标志词:never, ever, since, for(注意for不是百分百标志着现在完成时,它只要和表示延续性的动词连用就可以,这里是很多同学的误区),since then, in the past/last days/years, so far, up to now, lately, recently
1.My mother (be)a good example for me since I was young.
2.She looked at me and said,“Oh, thank you very much, but someone (give) me food earlier and I’m quite full now.
考点04现在完成进行时 has/have been doing 被动表示: has/have been being done
含义:表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。与完成时相比强调持续性。(现在完成进行时表示:动作连着做了一段时间,一般句中会表明后果)。
*I have been learning English since I was 8 years old and I still love it.
*He has been saying that ten times.
考点05一般过去时 did/