内容正文:
14.完形填空微技能1+续写人物个性
完形填空解答攻略
如何把握细节叙述与语篇整体
完形填空分值高,权重大,是高考的拉分题目,所以这个题对于考生来说分分都要争,每分都要保,力争得满分。为此要做到两点:一是对于相对简单的细节题,不要因为失误而丢分;二是对于相对较难的语篇层次题,也要力争得全分。
策略1:细节题目慎斟酌 防范失误保全分
▲避免因词汇理解障碍而失分
在完形填空题的设题上,命题者往往还将一些考生平常容易忽视的词汇设置成选项,从而造成考生错选、对于这些词汇,考生在平时必须引起重视,背熟记牢。
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
If we 42.admit it is a door,they’ll want to go outside __43__. It will drive us crazy.
43. A.gradually B. constantly
C. temporarily D. casually
【分析】 句意:如果我们承认它是一扇门,他们就会不断地想出去。根据下文I should just 59.accept repeatedly having to say,“No.We can’t go outside now.”可推测出,孩子们会不断地想出去。故选B。选项constantly,temporarily,casually都属于低频词,许多考生会由于对词义把握不准而误选。
▲避免因不明熟词生义而失分
熟词生义往往是考生容易忽视的地方,很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“新义”而出现思维堵塞,造成了不应有的失分。下面我们选取具有代表性的试题加以分析,以帮助考生熟悉其命题特点,从而跳出命题人设置的词汇“陷阱” 。
【典例】 (2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro,the highest mountain in Africa.They 41.bring with them lots of waste.The 42.crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing,changing the __43____of Kilimanjaro.
43. A.position B. age
C. face D. name
【分析】 根据设空前的“The 42.crowds might damage the beauty of the place.The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing”可知,人群可能会破坏这个地方的美,冰川也正在消失,由此可推知,这一切正在改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌(face),face 此处意为:(地区,机构或活动领域的)外观,面貌。
▲避免因惯性思维而失分
在英语学习中,由于种种原因,如考生的母语干扰、知识面和思维习惯等都有可能令考生出现一些思维定式现象,即不善于多方位思考,考虑问题不全面,导致错选一些题目,完形填空解题中因惯性思维而失分常有以下两种情况:
(1)单词运用受到的思维定式影响
有些考生学习英语单词过于简单化,仅记其中文意思,而不深刻理解其实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。例如:表示“成功做某事”,不可以用succeed to do sth来表达。
(2)短语或习语运用受到的思维定式影响
例如:学习了wait for这个词组以后,有的考生在做题过程中只要碰到wait,后面要接介词时就毫不犹豫地选择for,但在“He stopped his car to wait at the redlight.”中就不用for。
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
Since our twins began learning to walk,my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.The 41.reason is obvious.If we 42.admit it is a door,they’ll want to go outside 43.constantly. It will drive us crazy.The kids apparently know the __44__. But our insisting it’s 45.merely a window has kept them from 46.attempting millions of requests to open the door.
44. A.result B. danger
C.